Open the filing on EDGARWEBTOON Entertainment Inc. Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Financial Results
Full Year 2025 Revenue Growth of 2.5%; Year-Over-Year Revenue Growth on a Constant Currency Basis of 3.9%
Full Year 2025 Net Loss of $373.4 Million; Adjusted EBITDA of $19.4 Million
Strong Balance Sheet With Cash And Cash Equivalents of Approximately $582 Million and No Debt
LOS ANGELES, March 3, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. (Nasdaq: WBTN) (“WEBTOON Entertainment” or “the Company”), a leading global entertainment company and home to some of the world’s largest storytelling platforms, today announced results for its fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025. More information about these results can be found in the Company’s shareholder letter on the investor relations section of its website.
Fourth Quarter 2025 Highlights (vs. Fourth Quarter 2024)
- Total revenue of $330.7 million declined 6.3%, driven by declines in Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations.
- Revenue on a constant currency basis was $338.3 million, declining 4.1%, driven by declines in Advertising and IP Adaptations, partially offset by growth in Paid Content.
- Net Loss was $336.5 million, compared to $102.6 million in the prior year, driven by goodwill impairments.
- Adjusted EBITDA was $0.6 million, compared to $(3.5) million in the prior year, due to effective cost controls. Adjusted EBITDA margin was 0.2%, compared to (1.0%) in the prior year.
- Diluted loss per share was $2.36, compared to a diluted loss per share of $0.72 in the prior year.
- Adjusted Earnings Per Share was $0.00, compared to $(0.03) in the prior year.
- Cash and cash equivalents of approximately $581.8 million plus another $10.8 million of short-term deposits included in prepaid expenses and other current assets.
- Cash flow from operations was $7.6 million, compared to $(8.7) million in the prior year.
Full Year 2025 Highlights (vs. Full Year 2024)
- Total revenue of $1.4 billion grew 2.5%, driven by growth in Paid Content and IP Adaptations, partially offset by a decline in Advertising.
- Revenue on a constant currency basis was $1.4 billion, growing 3.9%, driven by growth across all revenue streams - Paid Content, Advertising, and IP Adaptations.
- Net Loss was $373.4 million, compared to $152.9 million in the prior year, driven by goodwill impairments.
- Adjusted EBITDA was $19.4 million, compared to $68.0 million in the prior year as a result of lower gross profit and higher marketing expense. Adjusted EBITDA Margin was 1.5%, compared to 5.0% in the prior year.
- Diluted loss per share was $2.66, compared to a diluted loss per share of $1.21 in the prior year.
- Adjusted EPS of $0.15, compared to $0.57 in the prior year.
- Cash flow from operations was $11.2 million, compared to $17.9 million in the prior year.
Junkoo Kim, Founder and CEO said, “We are pleased to report solid fourth quarter results, with revenue in line with our expectations and Adjusted EBITDA above the top end of our guidance range. For the full year, we delivered revenue growth of approximately 4% on a constant currency basis and Adjusted EBITDA of approximately $19 million, marking our third consecutive year of growth and profitability.”
Kim continued, “These results were supported by several key milestones in 2025, most notably the establishment of strategic relationships with industry leaders, including Disney and Warner Bros. Animation. We believe these partnerships will help expand both the overall comics industry and the webcomics category, bringing more readers to our platform and generating more opportunities for our creator community over the long-term. As we enter 2026, we remain confident in our strategy and are focused on growing and deepening engagement across our platform to foster a stronger, more vibrant fandom.”
First Quarter 2026 Outlook
For the first quarter 2026, the Company expects:
- Revenue growth on a constant currency basis in the range of (1.5%) - 1.5%. This represents revenue in the range of $317-$327 million, based on current FX rates.
- Adjusted EBITDA in the range of $0.0-$5.0 million, representing an Adjusted EBITDA Margin in the range of 0.0% - 1.5%.
Conference Call & Webcast Details
As previously disclosed, the Company will host a webcast and conference call on March 3, 2026, at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time, to discuss the Company’s financial results for its fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025.
A live webcast of the conference call will be available online at https://ir.webtoon.com/.
For those unable to listen to the live webcast, an archived version will be available at the same location for up to one year.
About WEBTOON Entertainment Inc.
WEBTOON Entertainment is a leading global entertainment company and home to some of the world's largest storytelling platforms. As the global leader and pioneer of the mobile webcomic format, WEBTOON Entertainment has transformed comics and visual storytelling for fans and creators.
With its CANVAS UGC platform empowering anyone to become a creator, and a growing roster of superstar WEBTOON Originals creators and series, WEBTOON Entertainment’s passionate fandoms are the new face of pop culture. WEBTOON Entertainment's adaptations are available on Netflix, Prime Video, Crunchyroll and other screens around the world, and the company’s content partners include Discord, HYBE and DC Comics, among many others.
With approximately 160 million monthly active users, WEBTOON Entertainment’s IP & Creator Ecosystem of aligned brands and platforms include WEBTOON, Wattpad - the world’s leading webnovel platform - WEBTOON Productions, Studio N, Studio LICO, WEBTOON Unscrolled, LINE Manga and eBookJapan, among others.
Forward Looking Statements
Forward-looking statements notice
This release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and involves risks, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements cover all matters which are not historical facts and include, without limitation, statements or guidance regarding or relating to our future financial position, results of operations and growth, plans and objectives for future capabilities, ability to attract users in both our core and underpenetrated geographies, ability to grow Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations businesses, the impact of our product development initiatives, including our use of AI, our financial condition and liquidity, and other statements concerning the success of our business and strategies. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “seek,” “believe,” “project,” “estimate,” “expect,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “will” and similar references to future periods. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. They are not assurances of future performance and are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions. Therefore, you should not place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the forward-looking statements contained in this release are based on reasonable assumptions, you should be aware that many factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those in such forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to: weakness in the economy, market trends, uncertainty and other conditions in the markets in which we operate, and other geopolitical or macroeconomic factors beyond our control; inability to attract, empower, properly support or incentivize our creators; inability to retain, attract and engage with our users; inability to anticipate, understand and appropriately respond to market trends and changing user preferences; failure to retain or increase our paying users; failure to effectively operate in highly competitive markets; inability to innovate and expand our Advertising business; inability to continue to diversify our monetization strategy or to increase revenues from IP Adaptations; failure to control our content-related costs; exposure to significant legal proceedings and regulatory investigations which may result in significant expenses, fines and reputational damage; failure to provide a safe online environment for children; exposure to claims that we violated third parties’ intellectual property rights; failure to obtain, maintain, protect or enforce our proprietary and intellectual property rights; exposure to liability and adverse effects from the use of AI; rise of conflicts of interests with NAVER Corporation, our majority stockholder; and other risks and uncertainties set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in other filings we make with the SEC in the future.
Additionally, forward-looking statements regarding past trends or activities should not be taken as a representation that such trends or activities will continue in the future. Other than in accordance with our legal or regulatory obligations, we undertake no obligations to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures & Definitions
This release contains certain financial information that is not presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. These non-GAAP measures include Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted Earnings Per Share (Adjusted EPS), revenue on a constant currency basis and revenue growth on a constant currency basis.
We believe that these non-GAAP measures provide users of the Company’s financial information with additional meaningful information to assist in understanding financial results and assessing the Company’s performance from period to period. Management believes these measures are important indicators of operations because they exclude items that may not be indicative of our core operating results and provide a better baseline for analyzing trends in our underlying businesses, and they are consistent with how business performance is planned, reported and assessed internally by management and the board of directors of the Company. Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation, or as substitutes for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP measures have limitations as they do not reflect all the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP, and should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding or the most directly comparable GAAP measures. We strongly encourage investors and shareholders to review our financial statements and publicly filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.
A reconciliation is provided at the end of this release for each historical non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We encourage investors and shareholders to review the related U.S. GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. We do not provide a reconciliation of forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures on a forward-looking basis because we are unable to predict with reasonable certainty or without unreasonable effort non-recurring items that may arise in the future.
Adjusted EBITDA: We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss), adjusted to remove the impact of interest income, interest expense, income tax expense (credit) and depreciation and amortization, with further adjustments to eliminate the effects of loss on equity method investments, effect of applying the valuation method of fair value through profit or loss, impairment of goodwill, non-cash stock-based compensation and certain other non-recurring costs.
Adjusted EBITDA Margin: We define Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue.
Adjusted Earnings Per Share (Adjusted EPS): We define Adjusted Earnings Per Share as Earnings Per Share before interest expense, interest income, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization with further adjustments to eliminate the effects of loss on equity method investments, effect of applying the valuation method of fair value through profit or loss, impairment of goodwill, non-cash stock-based compensation and certain other non-recurring costs. We calculate Adjusted Earnings Per Share by making the adjustments described herein from Net Income (Loss) and dividing by basic and diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, respectively, for the applicable period.
Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis: We define revenue on a constant currency basis as revenue adjusted to remove the impact of foreign currency rate fluctuations and the impact of deconsolidated and transferred operations. We calculate revenue on a constant currency basis in a given period by applying the average currency exchange rates in the comparable period of the prior year to the local currency revenue in the current period. We calculate revenue on a constant currency basis in each of our revenue streams - Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations - using the same method as laid out herein.
Revenue Growth on a Constant Currency Basis: We define revenue growth on a constant currency basis as period-over-period growth rates of revenue, adjusted to remove the impact of foreign currency rate fluctuations and the impact of deconsolidated and transferred operations. We calculate revenue growth (as a percentage) on a constant currency basis by determining the increase in current period revenue over prior period revenue, where current period foreign currency revenue is translated using prior period average currency exchange rates.
Financial Statements
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(in thousands of USD, except share and per share data)
| As of December 31, |
|---|
| 2025 | 2024 |
|---|
| Assets | | |
| Current assets: | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $581,806 | | $572,402 | |
| Receivables, net of allowance for credit losses of $3,378 and $3,418 at December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively | 176,779 | | 169,187 | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net | 72,647 | | 94,783 | |
| Total current assets | 831,232 | | 836,372 | |
| Property and equipment, net | 8,339 | | 3,782 | |
| Operating lease right-of-use assets | 23,705 | | 16,649 | |
| Debt and equity securities | 69,669 | | 70,178 | |
| Intangible assets, net | 157,804 | | 180,912 | |
| Goodwill, net | 336,825 | | 665,275 | |
| Equity method investments | 80,440 | | 78,668 | |
| Deferred tax assets | 22,302 | | 17,592 | |
| Other non-current assets, net | 65,194 | | 65,906 | |
| Total assets | $1,595,510 | | $1,935,334 | |
| Liabilities and equity | | |
| Current liabilities: | | |
| Accounts payable | $136,962 | | $127,306 | |
| Accrued expenses | 66,690 | | 62,209 | |
| Current portion of operating lease liabilities | 9,617 | | 6,053 | |
| Contract liabilities | 89,994 | | 85,860 | |
| Income tax payables - corporate tax | 1,236 | | 10,093 | |
| Consumption taxes payables | 2,900 | | 8,339 | |
| Provisions and defined pension benefits | 8,766 | | 11,133 | |
| Other current liabilities | 2,457 | | 2,231 | |
| Total current liabilities | 318,622 | | 313,224 | |
| Non-current liabilities: | | |
| Long-term operating lease liabilities | 14,055 | | 11,187 | |
| Defined severance benefits | 25,069 | | 22,030 | |
| Deferred tax liabilities | 5,755 | | 30,271 | |
| Other non-current liabilities | 3,737 | | 2,161 | |
| Total liabilities | $367,238 | | $378,873 | |
| Commitments and Contingencies | | |
| Redeemable non-controlling interest in subsidiary | 24,540 | | 36,580 | |
| As of December 31, |
|---|
| 2025 | 2024 |
|---|
| Stockholders’ equity: | | |
| Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value 100,000,000 authorized and no shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively | $ - | | $ - | |
| Common stock, $0.0001 par value 2,000,000,000 authorized, 130,776,161 shares and 128,587,944 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively | $13 | | $13 | |
| Additional paid-in capital | 2,137,926 | | 2,103,931 | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (114,363) | | (124,620) | |
| Accumulated deficit | (853,124) | | (507,197) | |
| Total stockholders’ equity attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. | 1,170,452 | | 1,472,127 | |
| Non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries | 33,280 | | 47,754 | |
| Total equity | 1,203,732 | | 1,519,881 | |
| Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest, and equity | $1,595,510 | | $1,935,334 | |
1.Includes amounts due from related parties of $55,156 and $59,495 as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
2.Includes amounts due from related parties of $4,730 and $9,258 as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
3.Includes amounts due from related parties of $33,913 and $32,072 as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
4.Includes amounts due to related parties of $18,765 and $17,173 as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
5.Includes amounts due to related parties of $6,849 and $5,562 as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
6.Includes amounts due to related parties of $5,221 and $3,506 as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
7.Includes amounts due to related parties of $5,371 and $9,519 as of December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
(Unaudited)
(in thousands of USD, except share and per share data)
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, |
|---|
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 |
|---|
| Revenue | $330,686 | | $352,847 | | $1,382,705 | | $1,348,478 | |
| Cost of revenue | (250,169) | | (270,576) | | (1,060,524) | | (1,009,410) | |
| Marketing | (28,370) | | (32,138) | | (126,149) | | (107,783) | |
| General and administrative expenses | (65,383) | | (77,839) | | (259,543) | | (331,984) | |
| Operating Loss | (13,236) | | (27,706) | | (63,511) | | (100,699) | |
| Interest income | 4,509 | | 6,030 | | 19,170 | | 15,820 | |
| Interest expense | (50) | | (1) | | (56) | | (45) | |
| Impairment losses on goodwill and other intangible assets, net | (336,486) | | (69,743) | | (336,486) | | (69,743) | |
| Gain (loss) on equity method investments, net | (365) | | (53) | | 1,282 | | (1,123) | |
| Other income (loss), net | (9,220) | | (6,162) | | (9,808) | | 6,482 | |
| Loss before income tax | $(354,848) | | $(97,635) | | $(389,409) | | $(149,308) | |
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 18,363 | | (4,928) | | 16,022 | | (3,604) | |
| Net loss | $(336,485) | | $(102,563) | | $(373,387) | | $(152,912) | |
| Net income (loss) attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. | (307,565) | | (92,965) | | (345,927) | | (143,905) | |
| Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests | (28,920) | | (9,598) | | (27,460) | | (9,007) | |
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | | - | | | |
| Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax | (16,784) | | (62,330) | | 9,792 | | (71,935) | |
| Share of other comprehensive income (loss) of equity method investments, net of tax | $197 | | $55 | | 896 | | (94) | |
| Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax | (16,587) | | (62,275) | | 10,688 | | (72,029) | |
| Total comprehensive loss | $(353,072) | | $(164,838) | | $(362,699) | | $(224,941) | |
| Total comprehensive loss attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. | $(323,680) | | $(153,010) | | (335,669) | | (213,704) | |
| Total comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interests and redeemable non-controlling interests | (29,392) | | (11,828) | | (27,030) | | (11,237) | |
| Weighted average shares outstanding | | | | |
| Basic | | 130,560,064 | | 128,787,043 | 130,177,475 | | | 119,231,997 |
| Diluted | 130,560,064 | | | 128,787,043 | 130,177,475 | | | 119,231,997 |
| Income (loss) per share attributable to WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. | | | | |
| Basic | $(2.36) | | $(0.72) | | $(2.66) | | $(1.21) | |
| Diluted | $(2.36) | | $(0.72) | | $(2.66) | | $(1.21) | |
1.Includes amounts earned from related parties of $21,277 and $10,957 for the three months ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively and $74,297 and $72,228 for the year ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
2.Includes amounts incurred from related parties of $26,517 and $28,718 for the three months ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively and $111,254 and $96,498 for the year ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
3.Includes amounts incurred from related parties of $(1,799) and $(2,830) for the three months ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively and $(9,339) and $(7,691) for the year ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
4.Includes amounts incurred from related parties of $9,683 and $8,812 for three months ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively and $31,249 and $32,478 for the year ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
5.Includes amounts earned from related parties of $418 and $457 for three months ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively and $1,687 and $3,592 for the year ended December 31, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
(in thousands of USD)
| For the Year Ended December 31, |
|---|
| 2025 | 2024 |
|---|
| Operating activities: | | |
| Net Loss | $(373,387) | | $(152,912) | |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities: | | |
| Allowance for credit losses | 4,772 | | 6,034 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 35,431 | | 40,074 | |
| Impairment losses on goodwill and other intangible assets | 336,487 | | 69,743 | |
| Operating lease expense | 9,690 | | 10,446 | |
| Loss (Gain) on foreign currency, net | (1,605) | | (2,519) | |
| Deferred tax benefit | (28,965) | | (24,535) | |
| Loss (Gain) on debt and equity securities, net | 8,605 | | (2,263) | |
| Loss (Gain) on equity method investment | (1,282) | | 1,123 | |
| Contingent consideration liability | - | | (3,712) | |
| Stock-based compensation | 41,907 | | 87,379 | |
| Gain on disposal of right-of-use assets, net | - | | (1,899) | |
| Change in severance benefit, net | 5,584 | | 3,725 | |
| Loss on investments in subsidiaries, net | - | | 2,713 | |
| Other non-cash items | 13 | | (707) | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities | | |
| Changes in receivables | (873) | | (24,063) | |
| Changes in other assets | 1,219 | | (35,928) | |
| Changes in accounts payable | 3,421 | | 26,177 | |
| Changes in accrued expenses | 6,216 | | 1,869 | |
| Changes in consumption taxes payables | (5,725) | | 3,287 | |
| Changes in contract liabilities | 2,400 | | 21,584 | |
| Changes in withholdings | (6,122) | | (8) | |
| Changes in income tax payable - corporate tax | (8,857) | | 634 | |
| Changes in other liabilities | (6,540) | | (812) | |
| Changes in operating lease liabilities | (8,062) | | (9,035) | |
| Changes in deposits | (294) | | 2,444 | |
| Transfer of severance benefits | (2,817) | | (956) | |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $11,216 | | $17,883 | |
| Investing activities: | | |
| Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments | $42,538 | | $68,018 | |
| Proceeds from sale of debt and equity securities | - | | 2,970 | |
| Proceeds from sale of property and equipment | 297 | | 6,495 | |
| Proceeds from sale of equity method investments | - | | 5,938 | |
| Proceeds from loan receivable | 1,684 | | - | |
| Payment from maturities of short-term investments | (26,372) | | (77,371) | |
| Payment made for loan receivable | (904) | | (264) | |
| Purchases of debt and equity securities | (6,801) | | (1,000) | |
| Purchases of property and equipment | (7,619) | | (2,404) | |
| Purchases of intangible assets | (10,292) | (10,745) |
| Purchases of equity method investments | - | (9,068) |
| Acquisition of businesses, net of cash | (148) | - |
| Disposal of businesses, net of cash | - | (315) |
| Other investing activities | 119 | 470 |
| Net cash used in investing activities | $(7,498) | $(17,276) |
| Financing activities: | | |
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions | $ - | $292,950 |
| Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to private placement | $ - | $50,000 |
| Payments of initial public offering costs | $ - | $(11,154) |
| Proceeds from exercise of over-allotment, net of underwriting discounts and commissions | $ - | $26,786 |
| Proceeds from stock option exercise | $1,327 | $746 |
| Proceeds from short-term borrowings | 139 | - |
| Repayments of short-term borrowings | - | (3,597) |
| Repayments of long-term borrowings | - | (15) |
| Payment of contingent consideration related to business acquisition | - | (1,849) |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $1,466 | $353,867 |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | $4,220 | $(13,817) |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 9,404 | 340,657 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year | 572,402 | 231,745 |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year | $581,806 | $572,402 |
| Supplemental disclosure: | | |
| Income taxes paid | $24,702 | $25,675 |
| Interest paid | 1 | 85 |
| Non-cash transactions: | | |
| Reclassification of debt and equity securities to equity method investments | $ - | $18,701 |
| Reclassification of deferred offering costs to additional paid-in capital upon IPO | - | 11,215 |
| Purchase of property and equipment included in accounts payable | - | 2 |
Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
In addition to adjustments for foreign exchange fluctuations, we have also further adjusted revenue to exclude the impacts of deconsolidated and transferred operations to show growth or loss exclusive of these changes ("Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis"). Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis is a Non-GAAP metric that management believes adds value but has its limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP.
The following table presents a reconciliation of revenue to revenue on a constant currency basis, and ARPPU to ARPPU on a constant currency basis, respectively, for each of the periods presented.
| Three Months Ended December 31, | | Year Ended December 31, | |
|---|
| (in thousands of USD, except percentages) | | 2025 | | 2024 | Change | | 2025 | | 2024 | Change |
| Total Revenue | $330,687 | | $352,847 | | (6.3)% | $1,382,705 | | $1,348,478 | | 2.5% |
| Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations | - | | - | | N/A | - | | (147) | | (100.0)% |
| Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations | 7,628 | | - | | N/A | 17,682 | | - | | N/A |
| Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis | $338,315 | | $352,847 | | (4.1)% | $1,400,387 | | $1,348,331 | | 3.9% |
| Paid Content Revenue | 265,544 | | 270,234 | | (1.7)% | 1,087,496 | | 1,083,026 | | 0.4% |
| Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations | - | | - | | N/A | - | | (122) | | (100.0)% |
| Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations | 5,894 | | - | | N/A | 11,491 | | - | | N/A |
| Paid Content Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis | $271,438 | | $270,234 | | 0.4% | $1,098,987 | | $1,082,904 | | 1.5% |
| Advertising Revenue | 39,772 | | 45,287 | | (12.2)% | 164,257 | | 166,087 | | (1.1)% |
| Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations | 854 | | - | | N/A | 2,510 | | - | | N/A |
| Advertising Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis | $40,626 | | $45,287 | | (10.3)% | $166,767 | | $166,087 | | 0.4% |
| IP Adaptations Revenue | 25,371 | | 37,326 | | (32.0)% | 130,952 | | 99,365 | | 31.8% |
| Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations | - | | - | | N/A | - | | (25) | | (100.0)% |
| Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations | 880 | | - | | N/A | 3,682 | | - | | N/A |
| IP Adaptations Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis | $26,251 | | $37,326 | | (29.7)% | $134,634 | | $99,340 | | 35.5% |
| Paid Content Average Revenue Per Paying User ("ARPPU") | | | | | | |
| Korea paid content revenue | $85,476 | | $86,239 | | (0.9)% | $331,158 | | $352,521 | | (6.1)% |
| Korea ARPPU | $7.75 | | $8.07 | | (4.0)% | $7.77 | | $7.84 | | (0.9)% |
| Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations | - | | - | | N/A | - | | - | | N/A |
| Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations | 0.40 | | - | | N/A | 0.44 | | - | | N/A |
| Korea ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis | $8.14 | | $8.07 | | 0.9% | $8.21 | | $7.84 | | 4.7% |
| Japan paid content revenue | $145,909 | | $149,903 | | (2.7)% | $621,540 | | $594,302 | | 4.6% |
| Japan ARPPU | $23.02 | | $22.00 | | 4.6% | $23.16 | | $22.12 | | 4.7% |
| Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations | 0.24 | | - | | N/A | (0.28) | | - | | N/A |
| Japan ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis | $23.26 | | $22.00 | | 5.7% | $22.88 | | $22.12 | | 3.4% |
| Rest of World paid content revenue | $34,159 | | $34,093 | | 0.2% | $134,799 | | $136,203 | | (1.0)% |
| Rest of World ARPPU | $6.52 | | $6.87 | | (5.1)% | $6.60 | | $6.57 | | 0.5% |
| Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations | - | | - | | N/A | - | | - | | N/A |
| Rest of World ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis | $6.52 | | $6.87 | | (5.1)% | $6.60 | | $6.57 | | 0.5% |
ARPPU is calculated by taking Paid Content revenue and dividing it by the number of monthly paid users ("MPU") for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. ARPPU on a constant currency basis is calculated by dividing Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis by the number of MPU for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. Where each metric is country specific, the numerator is Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis by country and the denominator is users by country.
The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin for each of the periods presented.
| Three Months Ended December 31, | Year Ended December 31, |
|---|
| (in thousands of USD, except percentages) | | 2025 | | 2024 | | 2025 | | 2024 |
| Net Loss | $(336,485) | | $(102,563) | | $(373,387) | | $(152,912) | |
| Plus (minus): | | | | |
| Interest income | (4,509) | | (6,030) | | (19,170) | | (15,820) | |
| Interest expense | 50 | | 1 | | 56 | | 45 | |
| Income tax (benefit) expense | (18,363) | | 4,928 | | (16,022) | | 3,604 | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 10,647 | | 12,121 | | 35,431 | | 40,074 | |
| EBITDA | $(348,660) | | $(91,543) | | $(373,092) | | $(125,009) | |
| Impairment losses on goodwill and other intangible assets | 336,486 | | 69,743 | | 336,486 | | 69,743 | |
| Stock-based compensation expense | 6,784 | | 14,016 | | 41,907 | | 82,321 | |
| Loss on fair value instruments, net | 4,588 | | 2,880 | | 8,604 | | (2,263) | |
| Restructuring and IPO-related costs | 1,013 | | 1,405 | | 6,816 | | 42,050 | |
| Loss on equity method investments, net | 365 | | 53 | | (1,282) | | 1,123 | |
| Adjusted EBITDA | $576 | | $(3,446) | | $19,439 | | $67,965 | |
| Net loss margin | (101.8)% | | (29.1)% | | (27.0)% | | (11.3)% | |
| Adjusted EBITDA Margin | 0.2% | | (1.0)% | | 1.5% | | 5.0% | |
| Weighted average shares outstanding (Basic and Diluted) | | 130,560,064 | | 128,787,043 | | 130,177,475 | | 119,231,997 |
| EPS (Basic and Diluted) | (2.36) | | (0.72) | | (2.66) | | (1.21) | |
| Adjusted EPS (Basic and Diluted) | 0.00 | | (0.03) | | 0.15 | | 0.57 | |
(1)Represents impairment losses on goodwill for Wattpad Corp., Wattpad WEBTOON Studios Corp, Munpia Inc., Purple Duck and Jakga Company Inc. for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025, the amounts also include a $1.0 million impairment of the definite lived intangible assets for Bootcamp Limited Partnership. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2024, represents impairment losses on goodwill for the Company's reporting units; Wattpad Corp., Wattpad WEBTOON Studios Corp, Munpia Inc. and Jakga Company Inc.
(2)Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to WEBTOON’s equity incentive plan and stock-based compensation plans of NAVER Corp., Munpia Inc. and LOCUS Inc., for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2024. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025, these amounts also include non-cash stock based compensation, including amounts which are cash settled.
(3)Represents unrealized net loss (gain) of financial assets measured at FVPL, which include the Company’s equity investments.
(4)Represents expenses that we do not consider representative of the operating performance of the business. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025, these amounts include legal fees and advisory fees. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2024, these amounts were comprised of a $30.0 million one-time CEO bonus and legal and advisory fees related to the IPO.
(5)Represents our proportionate share of recognized losses associated with our investments accounted for using the equity method.
(6)The numerator for Adjusted EPS is calculated by adjusting Net Loss by the same items in the Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation. The denominator for computing Adjusted EPS is the same as that used for Diluted EPS.
Contact Information
Corporate Communications
Kiel Hume webtoonpress@webtoon.com
Contacts
Soohwan Kim, CFA investor@webtoon.com
Open the filing on EDGAR1NASDAQ: WBTN Shareholder Letter WEBTOON Entertainment Q4 & FY 2025
2 Dear Fellow Shareholders, 2025 was another milestone year for WEBTOON Entertainment. I am pleased to share that we reported full year revenue growth of 2.5%, or 3.9% on a constant currency basis. While we reported a net loss of $373.4 million due to goodwill impairments, we achieved Adjusted EBITDA of $19.4 million, maintaining profitability in our business while continuing to invest for the future.
Our 2025 performance was supported by strong ARPPU growth of 3.5%, or 4.6% on a constant currency basis, driven by growth across all three regions on a constant currency basis. We were also pleased to drive an inflection to positive growth in MPU, with a 0.7% increase in the fourth quarter. As we improve our technology to drive increasingly personalized content recommendations, we believe we can continue to deliver stronger user metrics over time.
These results reflect our momentum and the strength of our flywheel, as our creators, content, and users power the success of our business. Q4 & FY 2025 March 3, 2026
3 Disney And WEBTOON Entertainment Complete Previously Announced Strategic Agreements Subsequent to quarter end, on January 8, 2026, The Walt Disney Company and WEBTOON Entertainment announced that we have completed the previously announced strategic agreements, including both the development of an all-new digital comics platform as well as Disney’s approximately 2% equity investment in WEBTOON Entertainment. With the closing of these definitive agreements, WEBTOON Entertainment and Disney are moving forward with plans for WEBTOON Entertainment to build and operate an all-new digital comics platform that will feature current comic book runs and include decades of past comics from across Disney’s portfolio, including Marvel, Star Wars, 20th Century Studios, and more, alongside select WEBTOON Original stories. We are targeting a 2026 launch for this new platform.
This milestone builds on the successful ongoing effort to bring iconic comics from Disney, Marvel, 20th Century Studios, and Star Wars brands to WEBTOON’s mobile vertical-scroll format, following the announcement in August 2025. Since the end of the third quarter, we have launched another 7 titles, including Predator: Day of the Hunter, Darth Vader - Black, White, & Red, Astonishing X-Men (2004), Black Panther: A Nation Under Our Feet, Star Wars: Lost Stars, Stitch & the Samurai, and The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl. The Unbeatable Squirrel Girl Stitch & the SamuraiPredator: Day of the Hunter Black Panther: A Nation Under Our Feet In addition to reformatted titles, brand-new original webcomic series from these franchises are also in development for WEBTOON’s global platform.
These original webcomic series will introduce new adventures for beloved characters, from superhero epics to galaxy-spanning adventures, giving fans more of what they love, delivered directly to their mobile devices. We look forward to introducing an original series later this year. This is a powerful next step for our growing global business, and a strong foundation for even greater collaboration with Disney in the years ahead.
4 The growth we achieved in MPU in the fourth quarter, driven by 3.3% growth in Korea as well as a 5.6% increase in Rest of World, is a strong signal that our strategic initiatives are working. Throughout the year, we made significant progress with our AI-driven, personalized recommendation model and are now making more personalized recommendations that are unique to our users. This means that users will now have an easier time discovering new titles that may have been displayed less prominently.
In Korea, where we have seen the most progress, this was also done in conjunction with increasing content diversity. As we recommend more relevant titles for individual users, we are driving a sequential increase in titles and episodes read, ultimately leading to MPU growth. As we continue to iterate, we plan to apply different recommendation methods based on user engagement and spending.
For example, for high-engagement non-payers, we could strengthen ad-based business models and for heavy users, we could optimize recommendations to grow paying users and ARPPU. We believe that we can also apply these learnings from Korea to other regions. We are also innovating in our business model and introduced a purchase option on the Korean WEBTOON app in January 2026.
Previously, users were only ‘renting’ episodes, meaning that they only had access to those episodes for a period of time. Now, we are giving users an option to pay a premium to have permanent access to the same episode, which we believe is beneficial for both users and creators as we increase accessibility and convenience. While it is still early, we believe that this value proposition will generate additional revenue by increasing ARPPU.
We had another successful quarter of IP adaptations in the fourth quarter, continuing our momentum through the year. The live-action film adaptation of Chasing Red, starring ‘Riverdale’ star Madelaine Petsch and ‘The Summer I Turned Pretty’s’ Gavin Casalegno, has been greenlit and recently wrapped production. We have already completed deals with Amazon’s Prime Video in the UK, Canada, Australia/New Zealand, France, and Benelux.
This title began as a webnovel on Wattpad before becoming a successful webcomic on WEBTOON, demonstrating Wattpad’s strength as an important source of IP. Animation remains a priority for us, as we believe it can be a powerful catalyst for creating new IP as well as extending the lifespan of existing IP. We are thrilled to announce that Amazon MGM Studios has greenlit Lore Olympus to be developed into a new animated series from WEBTOON Productions and The Jim Henson Company.
Based on the global hit WEBTOON series created by Rachel Smythe, this new adult animated series will premiere exclusively on Prime Video around the world. Lore Olympus is one of WEBTOON’s most- read titles, with a current global view count of more than 1.8 billion, and has been recognized with numerous awards including The Eisner and Harvey Awards. We’re excited to bring this story to more fans around the world in a new animated format.
Continued Success in IP Adaptations Investing in Users and Creators Through Product Improvements
5 We are also pleased with the momentum we have built in anime as we head into 2026. In 2025, we reached our target of 20 new anime projects in Japan, setting us up for further success. Clevatess, for example, has already been renewed for another season after a strong first season.
We are pleased to announce that Viral Hit, the popular action WEBTOON series with over 2.2 billion global views, will be adapted into a Japanese live action series. This follows the 2024 anime adaptation, demonstrating how successful webcomics can expand across formats. The live action series will begin streaming worldwide on Netflix on May 28, 2026.
We believe our webcomics are naturally suited for anime adaptations as there is a strong crossover between anime, webcomic, and manga fandoms. We believe titles that have proven themselves on our platform with high view counts present a compelling opportunity for anime adaptation. We have already set up multiple animation pipelines with key players like Warner Bros.
Animation, Crunchyroll, and Aniplex. Leveraging our current relationships, we see opportunities for further collaboration with major production partners. We are excited about the launch of another anime series on Crunchyroll, with DARK MOON: THE BLOOD ALT AR, which was released on January 9, 2026.
Based on the webcomic of the same name that has accumulated over 200 million views on LINE Manga as of July 2025, the series tells the story of seven boys based on the members of K-pop sensation ENHYPEN. In conjunction with the anime launch, ENHYPEN released a mini-album on January 12, 2026, featuring the DARK MOON theme song as well as a new Japanese song for the series. Major entertainment brands work with WEBTOON Entertainment to extend IP and entertainment franchises to new platforms, fans, and formats such as webnovels and webcomics.
Viral Hit DARK MOON: THE BLOOD ALT AR Lore Olympus Rachel Smythe / WEBTOON Chasing Red
6 Junkoo Kim Founder & CEO, WEBTOON Entertainment Inc. In Closing 2025 marked the 20th anniversary of WEBTOON Entertainment, and I am incredibly proud of what we have achieved in that time. Our first decade was about laying the foundation to enable this new content format to grow sustainably.
We successfully navigated through the mobile transition and built our flywheel along the way. And during the last decade, we have scaled that flywheel, expanding our reach through IP adaptations to connect with more users. As we move forward, our focus is on growing and deepening engagement across our platform to foster a stronger, more vibrant fandom.
Thanks to the commitment and hard work of our team, I’ve been gratified to see WEBTOON turn into a thriving, self-sustaining business, after beginning as a small service within NAVER. I would also like to express my appreciation to our users, as well as creators for joining us on this journey.
7 Adjusted EBITDA was $0.6 million, compared to a loss of $3.5 million in the prior year, due to effective cost controls. Adjusted EBITDA Margin was 0.2%, compared to (1.0%) in the prior year. Net Loss was $336.5 million, compared to $102.6 million in the prior year, driven by goodwill impairments.
Total revenue of $330.7 million declined 6.3%, driven by declines in Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations. Diluted loss per share was $2.36, compared to a diluted loss per share of $0.72 in the prior year. Adjusted Earnings Per Share was $0.00, compared to $(0.03) in the prior year.
Cashflow from operations was $7.6 million, compared to $(8.7) million in the prior year Cash and cash equivalents of approximately $581.8 million plus another $10.8 million of short-term deposits included in prepaid expenses and other current assets. Revenue on a constant currency basis was $338.3 million, declining 4.1%, driven by declines in Advertising and IP Adaptations, partially offset by growth in Paid Content.
- Paid Content revenue declined 1.7%, but grew 0.4% on a constant currency basis, driven by growth in Korea and Rest of World, offset by a decline in Japan.
- Advertising revenue declined 12.2%, or 10.3% on a constant currency basis, driven by growth in Japan and declines in Korea and Rest of World.
- IP Adaptations revenue declined 32.0%, or 29.7% on a constant currency basis, driven by a decline in Korea, offset by growth in Japan and Rest of World. Financial Update Fourth Quarter 2025 (vs. Fourth Quarter 2024)
8 Adjusted EBITDA was $19.4 million, compared to $68.0 million in the prior year as a result of lower gross profit and higher marketing expense. Adjusted EBITDA Margin was 1.5%, compared to 5.0% in the prior year. Net Loss of $373.4 million, compared to $152.9 million in the prior year, driven by goodwill impairments.
Total revenue of $1.4 billion grew 2.5%, driven by growth in Paid Content and IP Adaptations, partially offset by a decline in Advertising. Diluted loss per share was $2.66, compared to a loss per share of $1.21 in the prior year. Cashflow from operations was $11.2 million, compared to $17.9 million in the prior year.
Adjusted EPS of $0.15, compared to $0.57 in the prior year. Revenue on a constant currency basis was $1.4 billion, growing 3.9%, driven by growth across all revenue streams - Paid Content, Advertising, and IP Adaptations - and regions.
- Paid Content revenue grew 0.4%, or 1.5% on a constant currency basis, driven by growth in Japan, partially offset by declines in Korea and Rest of World.
- Advertising revenue declined 1.1%, but grew 0.4% on a constant currency basis, as growth in Japan was offset by declines in Korea and Rest of World.
- IP Adaptations revenue grew 31.8%, which translated to growth of 35.5% on a constant currency basis, driven by growth in Korea and Rest of World, offset by a decline in Japan. Full Year 2025 (vs. Full Year 2024)
9 $12.0 $12.0 $11.7 $12.2 -0.3% +4.6% $1400.4$1348.3 $338.3 $26.3$37.3 $40.6$45.3 $271.4$270.2 $352.8 $134.6$99.4 $166.8$166.1 $1099.0$1082.9 -4.1% 3.9% 166.0 163.2 169.0 157.0 - 1.7% - 7.1% 7.5 7.5 7.7 7.5 4.5% 4.6% 4.6% 4.8% FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 Consolidated Global Results GLOBAL REVENUE CC ($M) GLOBAL MPU (M) GLOBAL MAU (M) Global A RPP UCC ($M) Paid Content Revenue CC Advertising Revenue CC IP Revenue CCM PU Paying ratio WEBTOON Entertainment’s total revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2025 decreased 6.3% to $330.7 million, compared to $352.8 million in the prior year, driven by declines in all three revenue streams. On a constant currency basis, this translated to a decline of 4.1%. Total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased 2.5% to $1.4 billion, compared to $1.3 billion in the prior year.
On a constant currency basis, this translated to growth of 3.9%. Paid Content revenue in the fourth quarter was $265.5 million, which declined 1.7%, but grew 0.4% on a constant currency basis compared to the prior year, and full year revenue of $1.1 billion grew 0.4%, or 1.5% on a constant currency basis compared to the prior year. Full year Paid Content growth was driven by growth in Japan, offset by declines in Korea and Rest of World.
FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 Global Revenue CC
10 During the fourth quarter, total MAU of 163.2 million declined 1.7%. We estimate that global MAU benefited from a roughly ten percentage point increase in Wattpad activity resulting from automated web traffic in certain non-core markets. While we saw a small increase starting in late Q3 2025, the web traffic peaked in Q4 2025 and we are seeing reduced impact in Q1 2026.
Notably, this had no impact on app MAU and is not expected to have a material impact on our business. App MAU and webcomic app MAU declined 6.5% and 2.6%, respectively, compared to the prior year. MPU of 7.5 million grew 0.7% compared to the fourth quarter of the prior year, driven by 3.3% growth in Korea as well as a 5.6% increase in Rest of World.
We believe we can drive further MPU growth by continuing to advance our AI capabilities. For the full year, total MAU of 157.0 million declined 7.1% and MPU of 7.5 million declined 2.9% year-over-year. While app MAU declined 4.3%, webcomic app MAU grew 1.9%.
We remain focused on driving app users, who are more engaged and present better monetization opportunities. Advertising revenue in the fourth quarter declined 12.2%, or 10.3% on a constant currency basis compared to the prior year. This was driven by declines in Korea and Rest of World, offset by growth in Japan.
In Korea, we saw a decline from a major ecommerce advertising partner, partially offset by an increase from other partners. Ad revenue from NAVER was relatively consistent with the fourth quarter of the prior year. Full year advertising revenue declined 1.1% year-over-year, but grew 0.4% on a constant currency basis.
IP Adaptations revenue in the fourth quarter declined 32.0%, or 29.7% on a constant currency basis compared to the prior year, driven by a decline in Korea, offset by growth in Japan and Rest of World. As we have discussed in the past, revenue recognition for IP adaptations is dependent on achieving certain milestones and can vary from quarter to quarter. Full year IP Adaptations revenue grew 31.8% year-over-year, or 35.5% on a constant currency basis, led by strong performance in Korea, driven by the theatrical release of My Daughter Is a Zombie and The Trauma Code on Netflix.
11 $82.3 $80.5 $339.1 $322.2 23.3% 24.3% 25.1% 23.3% FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 Gross profit declined 2.1% in the fourth quarter to $80.5 million from $82.3 million in the prior year. This resulted in a gross margin of 24.3%, which expanded 100 basis points compared to the prior year. Full year gross profit declined 5.0% to $322.2 million from $339.1 million in the prior year, translating to gross margin of 23.3%, which decreased 180 basis points compared to the prior year.
As we disclosed previously, there were a number of discrete items that were recategorized from Marketing to Cost of Revenue as we have become more accurate with cost attribution. Total general & administrative expenses in the fourth quarter were $65.4 million, compared to $77.8 million in the prior year as we exercised cost discipline. Total general & administrative expenses for the full year were $259.5 million, compared to $332.0 million in the prior year.
Interest income for the quarter was $4.5 million, compared to $6.0 million in the prior year and other loss for the quarter was $9.2 million, compared to a loss of $6.2 million in the prior year period. For the full year, interest income was $19.2 million, compared to $15.8 million in the prior year, and other loss was $9.8 million, compared to other income of $6.5 million in the prior year. Income tax benefit was $18.4 million in the quarter compared to income tax expense of $4.9 million in the prior year.
Income tax benefit for the full year was $16.0 million compared to tax expense of $3.6 million in the prior year. Depreciation and amortization for the quarter was $10.6 million, compared to $12.1 million in the prior year. Depreciation and amortization for the full year was $35.4 million, compared to $40.1 million in the prior year.
Gross Profit Gross Profit % $77.8 $65.4 $332.0 $259.5 -16.0% -21.8% GLO BA LG&A ($M) GLOBAL GROSS PROFIT ($M)
12 FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 Net loss for the fourth quarter was $336.5 million, compared to a net loss of $102.6 million last year. This was driven by goodwill impairments. Net loss for the full year was $373.4 million, compared to net loss of $152.9 million last year.
Excluding adjustments and other non-recurring costs, the Company posted a fourth quarter Adjusted EBITDA of $0.6 million, compared to an Adjusted EBITDA loss of $3.5 million in the prior year, as a result of effective cost controls. As a result, fourth quarter diluted loss per share was $2.36, compared to a diluted loss per share of $0.72 in the prior year period and Adjusted EPS was $0.00, compared to $(0.03) in the prior year period. For the full year, excluding adjustments and other non-recurring costs, Adjusted EBITDA was $19.4 million, compared to an Adjusted EBITDA of $68.0 million in the prior year due to lower gross profit and higher marketing expense.
For the full year, diluted loss per share was $2.66, compared to a diluted loss per share of $1.21 in the prior year, and Adjusted EPS of $0.15 compared to $0.57 in the prior year. In the fourth quarter, cashflow from operations was $7.6 million, compared to $(8.7) million in the prior year period. In 2025, cashflow from operations was $11.2 million, compared to $17.9 million in the prior year.
Adj. EBITDA Margin Adj. EBITDA (Non-GAAP) ($M) ADJUSTED EPS ($) -1.0% 1.5% 5.0% 0.2% FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 $(3.5) $(0.03) $0.6 $0.00 $0.57 $0.15 $68.0 $19.4
13 $8.1 $8.1 $7.8 $8.2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6 27.3 24.3 27.0 24.0 Korea’s total revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2025 declined 13.2%, to $125.7 million compared to $144.9 million in the prior year. Korea revenue declined 9.1% on a constant currency basis. This was driven by a double-digit decline in Advertising and IP Adaptations, offset by single-digit growth in Paid Content.
For the full year ended December 31, 2025, Korea’s total revenue grew 0.9% to $522.0 million compared to $517.5 million in the prior year. Korea revenue grew 5.9% on a constant currency basis, driven by a double- digit growth in IP Adaptations, offset by single-digit declines in Paid Content and Advertising. KOREA MPU (M) KOREA A RPP UCC ($M) MPU Paying ratio Korea Performance By Location KOREA REVENUE CC ($M) KOREA MAU (M) +5.9% -9.1% FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 $517.5 $131.7$144.9 $548.0 -11.1%-10.8% FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 +4.7%+0.9% FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 13.1% 14.8% 13.9% 15.1%
14 $22.0 $23.3 $22.1 $22.9 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 22.1 22.2 21.9 23.0 FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 +4.9% +3.4% +0.5% +5.7% JAPAN REVENUE CC ($M) JAPAN MAU (M) JAPAN MPU (M) JAPAN A RPP UCC ($) MPU Paying ratio Japan +3.9% -1.0% In the fourth quarter, Korea MAU was 24.3 million, decreasing 10.8% year-over-year, while Korea MPU was 3.7 million, growing 3.3% year-over-year. Fourth quarter Paying Ratio was 15.1%, up 207 basis points year-over- year. For the full year, Korea MAU was 24.0 million, decreasing 11.1% year-over-year, while Korea MPU was 3.6 million, declining 5.3% year-over-year.
Full year Paying Ratio was 14.8%, up 91 basis points year-over-year. Fourth quarter Korea ARPPU decreased 4.0% year-over-year to $7.7 on a reported basis, but increased on a constant currency basis by 0.9%. Full year ARPPU declined 0.9% to $7.8 on a reported basis, but grew 4.7% to $8.2 on a constant currency basis.
FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 $648.2 $161.7$163.4 $673.6 10.3% 9.7%10.2% 9.5%
15 116.7 116.7 120.1 110.0 ROW REVENUE CC ($M) ROW MAU (M) Rest of World -2.1% +0.9% Japan’s total revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2025 decreased 2.0%, to $160.1 million, compared to $163.4 million in the prior year. Japan revenue declined 1.0% on a constant currency basis. This was driven by a single-digit constant currency revenue decline in Paid Content, offset by single-digit constant currency revenue growth in Advertising and IP Adaptations.
For the full year ended December 31, 2025, Japan’s total revenue grew 5.2%, to $681.8 million, compared to $648.2 million in the prior year. Japan revenue grew 3.9% on a constant currency basis driven by single-digit constant currency revenue growth in Paid Content and double-digit growth in Advertising, offset by double- digit constant currency revenue decline in IP Adaptations. In the fourth quarter, Japan's MAU increased 0.5% year-over-year to 22.2 million.
Fourth quarter Japan MPU declined 6.9% year-over-year to 2.1 million while the region’s Paying Ratio of 9.5% declined 76 basis points year-over-year. We expect to redeploy resources from infrastructure projects into AI technology to drive further personalization. LINE Manga was the number one overall app for revenue including mobile games for the fourth consecutive quarter and the entirety of 2025, according to data.ai/Sensor Tower.
For the full year, Japan MAU increased 4.9% year-over-year to 23.0 million while Japan MPU of 2.2 million declined 0.1% year-over-year. The region’s full year Paying Ratio of 9.7% was down 49 basis points year-over- year. Fourth quarter Japan ARPPU increased 4.6% year-over-year on a reported basis to $23.0 and grew 5.7% on a constant currency basis.
Full year ARPPU increased 4.7% year-over-year to $23.2 on a reported basis, and grew 3.4% on a constant currency basis. FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 $182.7 $44.9$44.5 $178.8 -8.4% 0.0%
16 Rest of World’s total revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2025 grew 0.8%, to $44.9 million, compared to $44.5 million in the prior year. Rest of World revenue grew 0.8% on a constant currency basis, driven by single-digit growth in Paid Content and triple-digit growth in IP Adaptations, offset by a double-digit decline in Advertising. For the full year ended December 31, 2025, Rest of World’s total revenue declined 2.1%, to $178.8 million, compared to $182.7 million in the prior year.
Revenue declined 2.1% on a constant currency basis, driven by a single-digit decline in Paid Content and double-digit decline in Advertising, offset by double-digit growth in IP Adaptations. In the fourth quarter, Rest of World MAU of 116.7 million was flat year-over-year after including the 10% growth impact in Wattpad activity resulting from automated web traffic. MPU increased 5.6% year-over-year to 1.7 million.
Rest of World Paying Ratio was up 8 basis points year-over-year to 1.5% and Rest of World ARPPU of $6.5 declined 5.1% year-over-year on a reported and constant currency basis. For the full year, Rest of World MAU of 110.0 million decreased 8.4% year-over-year while MPU of 1.7 million declined 1.5% year-over-year. Full year Paying Ratio of 1.6% was up 11 basis points year-over-year.
Full year Rest of World ARPPU increased 0.5% to $6.6 on a reported and constant currency basis. 1.7 1.7 2.2 2.2 1.7 1.7 2.2 2.2 $6.9 $6.5 $6.6 $6.6 RO WM PU (M) ROW A RPP UCC ($) MPU Paying ratio FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 FY 2025FY 20244Q254Q24 +0.5% -5.1% 1.4% 1.6% 1.4% 1.5% For the first quarter 2026, the Company expects:
- Revenue growth on a constant currency basis in the range of (1.5%)-1.5%. This represents revenue in the range of $317-$327 million, based on current FX rates.
- Adjusted EBITDA in the range of $0.0-$5.0 million, representing an Adjusted EBITDA Margin in the range of 0.0%-1.5%. Guidance First Quarter 2026 Outlook
17 About WEBTOON Entertainment WEBTOON Entertainment is a leading global entertainment company and home to some of the world's largest storytelling platforms. As the global leader and pioneer of the mobile webcomic format, WEBTOON Entertainment has transformed comics and visual storytelling for fans and creators. With its CANVAS UGC platform empowering anyone to become a creator, and a growing roster of superstar WEBTOON Originals creators and series, WEBTOON Entertainment’s passionate fandoms are the new face of pop culture.
WEBTOON Entertainment’s adaptations are available on Netflix, Prime Video, Crunchyroll, and other screens around the world, and the company’s content partners have included Discord, HYBE and DC Comics, among many others. With approximately 160 million monthly active users, WEBTOON Entertainment’s IP & Creator Ecosystem of aligned brands and platforms include WEBTOON, Wattpad--the world’s leading webnovel platform-- WEBTOON Productions, Studio N, Studio LICO, WEBTOON Unscrolled, LINE Manga, and eBookJapan, among others. Conference Call & Webcast Details As previously disclosed, the Company will host a webcast and conference call on March 3, 2026, at 4:30 p.m.
Eastern Time, to discuss the Company’s financial results for its fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025. A live webcast of the conference call will be available online at https://ir.webtoon.com/. For those unable to listen to the live webcast, an archived version will be available at the same location for up to one year.
Forward-Looking Statements This letter contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and involves risks, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements cover all matters which are not historical facts and include, without limitation, statements or guidance regarding or relating to our future financial position, results of operations and growth, plans and objectives for future capabilities, ability to attract users in both our core and underpenetrated geographies, ability to grow our Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations businesses, the impact of our product development initiatives, including our use of AI, our financial condition and liquidity, and other statements concerning the success of our business and strategies.
Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “seek,” “believe,” “project,” “estimate,” “expect,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely,” “may,” “should,” “will” and similar references to future periods. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. They are not assurances of future performance and are based only on our current beliefs, expectations and assumptions regarding the future of our business, future plans and strategies, projections, anticipated events and trends, the economy and other future conditions.
Therefore, you should not place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the forward-looking statements contained in this letter are based on
18 A Note About Key Business Metrics We define MAU as users based on each device logged in and each offering accessed from a single device and may include the same individual user multiple times if the user is logged in from multiple devices or if the user accesses multiple offerings from one device. We define app MAU as users who visited one of our mobile applications at least once in the applicable calendar month, averaged over each month in the given period. Webcomic app MAU refers to users who visited one of our webcomic mobile applications, rather than our webnovel mobile applications, averaged over each month in the given period.
Forward-looking statements notice
We define MPU as users who have paid to access Paid Content in the applicable calendar month, averaged over each month in the given period. We define Paying Ratio as the ratio of MPU divided by MAU for the respective periods. We define ARPPU as average Paid Content revenue in a given month divided by the number of MPU for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. reasonable assumptions, you should be aware that many factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those in such forward-looking statements, including but not limited to: weakness in the economy, market trends, uncertainty and other conditions in the markets in which we operate, and other geopolitical or macroeconomic factors beyond our control; inability to attract, empower, properly support or incentivize our creators; inability to retain, attract and engage with our users; inability to anticipate, understand and appropriately respond to market trends and changing user preferences; failure to retain or increase our paying users; failure to effectively operate in highly competitive markets; inability to innovate and expand our Advertising business; inability to continue to diversify our monetization strategy or to increase revenues from IP Adaptations; failure to control our content-related costs; exposure to significant legal proceedings and regulatory investigations which may result in significant expenses, fines and reputational damage; failure to provide a safe online environment for children; exposure to claims that we violated third parties’ intellectual property rights; exposure to liability and adverse effects from the use of AI; failure to obtain, maintain, protect or enforce our proprietary and intellectual property rights; rise of conflicts of interests with NAVER Corporation, our majority stockholder; and other risks and uncertainties set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in other filings we make with the SEC in the future.
Additionally, forward-looking statements regarding past trends or activities should not be taken as a representation that such trends or activities will continue in the future. Other than in accordance with our legal or regulatory obligations, we undertake no obligations to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
19 Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures & Definitions This letter contains certain financial information that is not presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP. These non-GAAP measures include Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted Earnings Per Share (Adjusted EPS), revenue on a constant currency basis and revenue growth on a constant currency basis.
We believe that these non-GAAP measures provide users of the Company’s financial information with additional meaningful information to assist in understanding financial results and assessing the Company’s performance from period to period. Management believes these measures are important indicators of operations because they exclude items that may not be indicative of our core operating results and provide a better baseline for analyzing trends in our underlying businesses, and they are consistent with how business performance is planned, reported and assessed internally by management and the board of directors of the Company. Our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation, or as substitutes for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Non-GAAP measures have limitations as they do not reflect all the amounts associated with our results of operations as determined in accordance with GAAP, and should only be used to evaluate our results of operations in conjunction with the corresponding or most directly comparable GAAP measures. We strongly encourage investors and shareholders to review our financial statements and publicly filed report in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure. A reconciliation is provided at the end of this shareholder letter for each historical non-GAAP financial measure to the most directly comparable financial measure stated in accordance with U.S.
GAAP. We encourage investors and shareholders to review the related U.S. GAAP financial measures and the reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable U.S.
GAAP financial measures, and not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business. We do not provide a reconciliation of forward looking non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures on a forward- looking basis because we are unable to predict with reasonable certainty or without unreasonable effort non- recurring items that may arise in the future.
Adjusted EBITDA: We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss), adjusted to remove the impact of interest income, interest expense, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization with further adjustments to eliminate the effects of loss on equity method investments, effect of applying the valuation method of fair value through profit or loss, impairment of goodwill, non-cash stock-based compensation and certain other non-recurring costs. Adjusted EBITDA Margin: We define Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Adjusted EBITDA divided by revenue. Adjusted Earnings Per Share (Adjusted EPS): We define Adjusted Earnings Per Share as Earnings Per Share before interest expense, interest income, income tax expense and depreciation and amortization with further adjustments to eliminate the effects of loss on equity method investments, effect of applying the valuation method of fair value through profit or loss, impairment of goodwill, non-cash stock-based compensation and certain other nonrecurring costs.
We calculate Adjusted Earnings Per Share by making the adjustments described herein from Net Income (Loss) and dividing by basic and diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, respectively, for the applicable period. Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis: We define revenue on a constant currency basis as revenue adjusted to remove the impact of foreign currency rate fluctuations and the impact of deconsolidated and transferred operations. We calculate revenue on a constant currency basis in a given period by applying the average currency exchange rates in the comparable period of the prior year to the local currency revenue in the
20 Contact Information Investor Relations Corporate Communications Soohwan Kim, CFA investor@webtoon.com Kiel Hume webtoonpress@webtoon.com current period. We calculate revenue on a constant currency basis in each of our revenue streams - Paid Content, Advertising and IP Adaptations - using the same method as laid out herein. Revenue Growth on a Constant Currency Basis: We define revenue growth on a constant currency basis as period-over-period growth rates of revenue, adjusted to remove the impact of foreign currency rate fluctuations and the impact of deconsolidated and transferred operations.
We calculate revenue growth (as a percentage) on a constant currency basis by determining the increase in current period revenue over prior period revenue, where current period foreign currency revenue is translated using prior period average currency exchange rates. ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis: We define ARPPU on a constant currency basis as average Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis in a given month divided by the number of MPU for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. As discussed above, we calculate revenue on a constant currency basis in a given period by applying the average currency exchange rates in the comparable period of the prior year to the local currency revenue in the current period and excluding deconsolidated and transferred operations.
ARPPU Growth on a Constant Currency Basis: We define ARPPU growth (as a percentage) on a constant currency basis as the increase in current period ARPPU over prior period ARPPU, with current period foreign currency ARPPU translated using prior period average currency exchange rates and excluding deconsolidated and transferred operations.
21 Financial and Operational Highlights Quarter Ended (YoY Analysis) Figures in millions, except user metrics and per share data December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Change Total Revenue $330.7 $352.8 (6.3%) Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1 $338.3 $352.8 (4.1%) Paid Content Revenue $265.5 $270.2 (1.7%) Paid Content Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $271.4 $270.2 0.4% Advertising Revenue $39.8 $45.3 (12.2%) Advertising Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $40.6 $45.3 (10.3%) IP Adaptations Revenue $25.4 $37.3 (32.0%) IP Adaptations Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $26.3 $37.3 (29.7%) Monthly Active Users (“MAU”) 163.2 166.0 (1.7%) Korea MAU 24.3 27.3 (10.8%) Japan MAU 22.2 22.1 0.5% Rest of World MAU 116.7 116.7 0.0% Monthly Paying Users (“MPU”) 7.5 7.5 0.7% Korea MPU 3.7 3.6 3.3% Japan MPU 2.1 2.3 (6.9%) Rest of World MPU 1.7 1.7 5.6% Paying Ratio 4.6% 4.5% 11 bps Korea Paying Ratio 15.1% 13.1% 207 bps Japan Paying Ratio 9.5% 10.3% (76 bps) Rest of World Paying Ratio 1.5% 1.4% 8 bps Paid Content Average Revenue Per Paying User (“ARPPU”) $11.7 $12.0 (2.4%) Korea ARPPU $7.7 $8.1 (4.0%) Japan ARPPU $23.0 $22.0 4.6% Rest of World ARPPU $6.5 $6.9 (5.1%) ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1 $12.0 $12.0 (0.3%) Korea ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1 $8.1 $8.1 0.9% Japan ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1 $23.3 $22.0 5.7% Rest of World ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $6.5 $6.9 (5.1%) Net Income/(Loss) ($336.5) ($102.6) ($233.9) Adjusted EBITDA2 $0.6 ($3.5) $4.1 Adjusted EBITDA Margin2 0.2% -1.0% 115 bps Diluted EPS ($2.36) ($0.72) ($1.64) Adjusted EPS $0.00 ($0.03) $0.03
22 Financial Highlights Fiscal Year Ended Figures in millions, except user metrics and per share data December 31, 2025 December 31, 2024 Change Total Revenue $1,382.7 $1,348.5 2.5% Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1 $1,400.4 $1,348.3 3.9% Paid Content Revenue $1,087.5 $1,083.0 0.4% Paid Content Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $1,099.0 $1,082.9 1.5% Advertising Revenue $164.3 $166.1 (1.1%) Advertising Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $166.8 $166.1 0.4% IP Adaptations Revenue $131.0 $99.4 31.8% IP Adaptations Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $134.6 $99.3 35.5% Monthly Active Users (“MAU”) 157.0 169.0 (7.1%) Korea MAU 24.0 27.0 (11.1%) Japan MAU 23.0 21.9 4.9% Rest of World MAU 110.0 120.1 (8.4%) Monthly Paying Users (“MPU”) 7.5 7.7 (2.9%) Korea MPU 3.6 3.7 (5.3%) Japan MPU 2.2 2.2 (0.1%) Rest of World MPU 1.7 1.7 (1.5%) Paying Ratio 4.8% 4.6% 20 bps Korea Paying Ratio 14.8% 13.9% 91 bps Japan Paying Ratio 9.7% 10.2% (49 bps) Rest of World Paying Ratio 1.5% 1.4% 11 bps Paid Content Average Revenue Per Paying User (“ARPPU”) $12.1 $11.7 3.5% Korea ARPPU $7.8 $7.8 (0.9%) Japan ARPPU $23.2 $22.1 4.7% Rest of World ARPPU $6.6 $6.6 0.5% ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1 $12.2 $11.7 4.6% Korea ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1 $8.2 $7.8 4.7% Japan ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1 $22.9 $22.1 3.4% Rest of World ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis1,2 $6.6 $6.6 0.5% Net Income/(Loss) ($373.4) ($152.9) ($220.5) Adjusted EBITDA2 $19.4 $68.0 ($48.6) Adjusted EBITDA Margin2 1.5% 5.0% (360 bps) Diluted EPS ($2.66) ($1.21) ($1.45) Adjusted EPS $0.15 $0.57 ($0.42)
23 1 Revenue on a constant currency basis, Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis, Advertising revenue on a constant currency basis, IP Adaptations revenue on a constant currency basis, ARPPU on a constant currency basis, Korea ARPPU on a constant currency basis, Japan ARPPU on a constant currency basis, Rest of World ARPPU on a constant currency basis, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin and Adjusted EPS are non-GAAP financial measures. For definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures & Definitions” of this letter. A reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable U.S.
GAAP measure can be found at the end of this letter.
24 Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures In addition to adjustments for foreign exchange fluctuations, we have also further adjusted revenue to exclude the impacts of deconsolidated and transferred operations to show growth or loss exclusive of these changes ("Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis"). Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis is a Non-GAAP metric that management believes adds value but has its limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. The following table presents a reconciliation of revenue to revenue on a constant currency basis, and ARPPU to ARPPU on a constant currency basis, respectively, for each of the periods presented.
Three Months Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31, (in thousands of USD, except percentages) 2025 2024 Change 2025 2024 Change Total Revenue $330,687 $352,847 (6.3)% $1,382,705 $1,348,478 2.5% Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations - - N/A - (147) (100.0)% Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations 7,628 - N/A 17,682 - N/A Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis $338,315 $352,847 (4.1)% $1,400,387 $1,348,331 3.9% Paid Content Revenue 265,544 270,234 (1.7)% 1,087,496 1,083,026 0.4% Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations - - N/A - (122) (100.0)% Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations 5,894 - N/A 11,491 - N/A Paid Content Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis $271,438 $270,234 0.4% $1,098,987 $1,082,904 1.5% Advertising Revenue 39,772 45,287 (12.2)% 164,257 166,087 (1.1)% Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations 854 - N/A 2,510 - N/A Advertising Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis $40,626 $45,287 (10.3)% $166,767 $166,087 0.4% IP Adaptations Revenue 25,371 37,326 (32.0)% 130,952 99,365 31.8% Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations - - N/A - (25) (100.0)% Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations 880 - N/A 3,682 - N/A IP Adaptations Revenue on a Constant Currency Basis $26,251 $37,326 (29.7)% $134,634 $99,340 35.5% Paid Content Average Revenue Per Paying User ("ARPPU")1 Korea Paid Content Revenue $85,476 $86,239 (0.9)% $331,158 $352,521 (6.1)% Korea ARPPU $7.75 $8.07 (4.0)% $7.77 $7.84 (0.9)% Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations - - N/A - - (100.0)% Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations 0.40 - N/A 0.44 - N/A Korea ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis $8.14 $8.07 0.9% $8.21 $7.84 4.7% 1 ARPPU is calculated by taking Paid Content revenue and dividing it by the number of monthly paid users ("MPU") for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. ARPPU on a constant currency basis is calculated by dividing Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis by the number of MPU for such month, averaged over each month in the given period. Where each metric is country specific, the numerator is Paid Content revenue on a constant currency basis by country and the denominator is users by country.
25 Japan Paid Content Revenue $145,909 $149,903 (2.7)% $621,540 $594,302 4.6% Japan ARPPU $23.02 $22.00 4.6% $23.16 $22.12 4.7% Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations 0.24 - N/A (0.28) - N/A Japan ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis $23.26 $22.00 5.7% $22.88 $22.12 3.4% Rest of World Paid Content Revenue $34,159 $34,093 0.2% $134,799 $136,203 (1.0)% Rest of World ARPPU $6.52 $6.87 (5.1)% $6.60 $6.57 0.5% Effect of deconsolidated and transferred operations - - N/A - - N/A Effects of foreign currency rate fluctuations - - N/A - - N/A Rest of World ARPPU on a Constant Currency Basis $6.52 $6.87 (5.1)% $6.60 $6.57 0.5%
26 Three Months Ended December 31, Year Ended December 31, (in thousands of USD, except percentages) 2025 2024 2025 2024 Net Loss ($336,485) ($102,563) ($373,387) ($152,912) Plus (minus): Interest income (4,509) (6,030) (19,170) (15,820) Interest expense 50 1 56 45 Income tax expense (18,363) 4,928 (16,022) 3,604 Depreciation and amortization 10,647 12,121 35,431 40,074 EBITDA ($348,660) ($91,543) ($373,092) ($125,009) Impairment losses on goodwill and other intangible assets1 336,486 69,743 336,486 69,743 Stock-based compensation expense2 6,784 14,016 41,907 82,321 Loss on fair value instruments, net3 4,588 2,880 8,604 (2,263) Restructuring and IPO-related costs4 1,013 1,405 6,816 42,050 Loss on equity method investments, net5 365 53 (1,282) 1,123 Adjusted EBITDA $576 ($3,446) $19,439 $67,965 Net loss margin (101.8)% (29.1)% (27.0)% (11.3)% Adjusted EBITDA Margin 0.2% (1.0)% 1.5% 5.0% Weighted average shares outstanding (Basic and Diluted) 130,560,064 128,787,043 130,177,475 119,231,997 EPS (Basic and Diluted) (2.36) (0.72) (2.66) (1.21) Adjusted EPS (Basic and Diluted)6 0.00 (0.03) 0.15 0.57 1 Represents impairment losses on goodwill for Wattpad Corp., Wattpad WEBTOON Studios Corp, Munpia Inc., Purple Duck and Jakga Company Inc. for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025, the amounts also include a $1.0 million impairment of the definite lived intangible assets for Bootcamp Limited Partnership. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2024, represents impairment losses on goodwill for the Company's reporting units; Wattpad Corp., Wattpad WEBTOON Studios Corp, Munpia Inc. and Jakga Company Inc. 2 Represents non-cash stock-based compensation expense related to WEBTOON’s equity incentive plan and stock-based compensation plans of NAVER Corp., Munpia Inc. and LOCUS Inc., for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2024.
For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025, these amounts also include non-cash stock based compensation, including amounts which are cash settled. 3 Represents unrealized net loss (gain) of financial assets measured at FVPL, which include the Company’s equity investments. 4 Represents expenses that we do not consider representative of the operating performance of the business. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2025, these amounts include legal fees and advisory fees. For the quarter and year ended December 31, 2024, these amounts were comprised of a $30.0 million one-time CEO bonus and legal and advisory fees related to the IPO. 5Represents our proportionate share of recognized losses associated with our investments accounted for using the equity method. 6The numerator for Adjusted EPS is calculated by adjusting Net Loss by the same items in the Net Loss to Adjusted EBITDA reconciliation.
The denominator for computing Adjusted EPS is the same as that used for Diluted EPS. The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin for each of the periods presented.