greeksoup/ stock research
Stock research / Foreign companies / VALE · Metal Mining

Vale S.A. (VALE)

Vale is one of the world's largest producers of iron ore, iron ore pellets and nickel, and it also produces copper, whose concentrates carry by-products including platinum group metals, gold, silver and cobalt. It reports two lines of business, Iron Ore Solutions and Vale Base Metals. Alongside the mines it operates large logistics systems of railways, maritime terminals and ports integrated with the mining operations, plus distribution centres for iron ore, and it holds energy investments through joint ventures and consortiums. The revenue tables are stated in US dollars, while Brazilian legal and settlement figures are in reais.

Vale S.A.

Vale is one of the world's largest producers of iron ore, iron ore pellets and nickel, and it also produces copper, whose concentrates carry by-products including platinum group metals, gold, silver and cobalt. It reports two lines of business, Iron Ore Solutions and Vale Base Metals. Alongside the mines it operates large logistics systems of railways, maritime terminals and ports integrated with the mining operations, plus distribution centres for iron ore, and it holds energy investments through joint ventures and consortiums. The revenue tables are stated in US dollars, while Brazilian legal and settlement figures are in reais.

Iron Ore Solutions

This line was 78.5% of sales in 2025, at $30,130 million against $31,444 million. Iron ore itself was $25,010 million, or 65.1% of the group total, pellets $4,396 million, or 11.4%, down from $5,921 million, and other ferrous products and logistics services $724 million. Production and distribution run through three systems in Brazil: the Northern System, fully integrated with three mining complexes, a railway and a maritime terminal; the Southeastern System, also fully integrated with three mining complexes, a railway and maritime terminals; and the Southern System, with two mining complexes and maritime terminals.

Vale Base Metals

Nickel sales were $4,291 million in 2025, or 11.2% of the group total, against $3,666 million, and copper $3,753 million, or 9.8%, against $2,805 million. Other base metals added $229 million. Canadian operations produced 46% of global nickel output during the year, and the filing highlights the hydrometallurgical plant at Long Harbour on Canada's east coast, whose plating rounds and nickel melt rounds it positions for customers needing high-purity nickel and for the electric vehicle battery supply chain.

Carajás and copper growth

In February 2025 the company launched the Novo Carajás Program, aimed at optimising iron ore production and accelerating copper production growth in the Carajás region. The company states that copper production is expected to rise to 700,000 tons a year by 2035, supported by a pipeline of Carajás projects it describes as high grade, with gold by-products and close to established ports and railways.

Dams and tailings

The company concluded the de-characterisation of the Grupo dam at Ouro Preto and the Campo Grande dam at Mariana during 2025, subject to final evaluation by the authorities, taking the total to 19 of 30 upstream structures. Waste filtration and dry stacking, the expansion of the Northern System, the Capanema project and the conversion of Plant 1 to natural moisture processing are among the initiatives under way. Its subsidiary Agera has produced around 3.8 million tons of sand from iron ore tailings since incorporation, sold into civil construction.

Brumadinho and legal matters

Following the dam failure at Brumadinho, the company entered into a settlement in July 2021 to indemnify the family units of deceased employees on the extinction of their employment contracts, and by December 2025 it had reached settlements with over 2,510 individuals totalling approximately R$1.1 billion. A further settlement was ratified by the labour court on 30 April 2025. The filing treats both Brumadinho and Samarco's dam failure at Mariana as evidence of the consequences such events carry for the business and its reputation.

Exploration

The company is engaged in greenfield mineral exploration in five countries.

From Vale's annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended 31 December 2025. That filing carries no Item 4 or Item 5 heading in its body, using a cross-reference index at the front instead, so the annual report is read as one whole document rather than from separately located sections. The filing

Compare with another name

Vale S.A. files a 20-F with the SEC once a year, in US dollars. In the year to 31 December 2025 it reported revenue of USD 38,403 million, up 0.9% on the year before. Its profit attributable to shareholders was USD 2,352 million, down 61.9%.

Vale (VALE) in brief

Vale (VALE) reported revenue of USD 38.4 billion for the year to 31 December 2025, up 0.9% on the year before.
Read moreProfit attributable to shareholders was USD 2.4 billion. Revenue was USD 38.1 billion in 2024, USD 41.8 billion in 2023, USD 43.8 billion in 2022 and USD 54.5 billion in 2021. Profit attributable to shareholders in the same years was USD 6.2 billion, USD 8.0 billion, USD 18.8 billion and USD 22.4 billion. Revenue fell 0.6% a year, compounded, over the five years to 2025. At the close of 10 November 2026 the market cap of Vale was $49.4 billion.

The share in the US

Last close$11.58 on 10 November 2026
52-week range$10.97 (3 November 2026) to $17.82 (20 April 2026)
Over one yeardown 5.9%
Market cap$49.4 billion: 4,268,780,153 shares outstanding at 31 December 2025 (20-F), each US share standing for one ordinary share

US dollars per share as it trades in the US; the market cap and the P/E are worked out here, not filed. Prices from IEX, for splits.

Ratios

From the latest annual report, the year to Dec 2025, in dollars

ROE7.0%
ROCE11.4%
Operating margin15.4%
Net margin6.1%
FCF marginn/a
Interest cover3.58
Debt to equity0.54
Cash conversionn/a
Share count, last 12 months-0.1%
Sales CAGR, 3 years-4.3%
Profit CAGR, 3 years-50.0%
EPSn/a

At the close of 10 November 2026

Price$11.58
Market cap$49.4 billion
Stock P/En/a
Price to book1.48
EV / EBITDAn/a
Dividend yield7.2%
Market cap / sales1.29
52-week high$17.82
52-week low$10.97
Price, 1 year-5.9%
Price CAGR, 3 yearsn/a
Price CAGR, 5 yearsn/a
Worked from the filed figures; hover a name for the formula.
Read moreThe priced ones use the latest price, the last regular-hours trade on IEX. Debt to equity here stands on the borrowing lines of Vale S.A.'s balance sheet, added together, finance leases inside them only where the company puts them there; operating leases are a separate line. Nothing here is a valuation or a view.
VALEgreeksoup.ai
Daily prices to 10 November 2026, adjusted for splits; from 28 September 2026 each day's price is the last regular-hours trade on IEX.
Read moreData provided for free by IEX. By accessing or using IEX Historical Data, you agree to the IEX Historical Data Terms of Use. Day by day for the last three years; before that one point a week, carrying the week's last close and its average daily volume, so a volume bar means the same thing across the whole series; the bars sit under the price on their own scale, on the right. The moving averages need consecutive days and are drawn from the daily part. This company reports once a year, so every view here moves once a year, on the day each annual report was filed, and holds until the next. P/E is the close over the year's EPS per US share: the EPS as filed. Sales and margin are each year's revenue and its operating margin. EV/EBITDA, price to book and market cap to sales set the close against that year's balance sheet and its share count per US share. The dashed line is the median over the range shown. Drawn in your browser; the range and overlay you pick are remembered here only.

The public record on VALE

Dividends$3.56 billion paid in cash dividends in FY2025
Filings156 in twelve months: 153 reports on Form 6-K, most often vale informs on estimates update (6); vale clarifies press reports (4); trading of Securities by the Company itself, its subsidiaries and affiliates (2); vale clarifies Press Report (2); vale pays semi-annual remuneration on its participating debentures (2)
Planned insider salesno Form 144 notice in twelve months
Options tapeput/call 0.85 by open interest at the 10 November 2026 close; the straddle prices a 3.1% move to 13 November 2026
13F holders549 funds reported a position for the quarter to 30 June 2026; largest Capital World Investors
Insider trading3 sales and 11 purchases on Form 4 in twelve months
Congress0 House trades disclosed in six months
Short interest59.2 million shares short, 1.43 days to cover at 30 October 2026

Income statement (profit and loss), 11 fiscal years

Year toDec 2015Dec 2016 †Dec 2017 †Dec 2018 †Dec 2019 †Dec 2020 †Dec 2021 †Dec 2022 †Dec 2023Dec 2024Dec 2025
Revenue23,38427,48833,96736,57536,54939,54554,50243,83941,78438,05638,403
Cost of sales18,75117,65021,03922,10919,31217,56421,72924,02824,08924,26524,947
Gross profit4,6339,83812,92814,46617,23721,98132,77319,81117,69513,79113,456
Research and development395319340373413415549660723790693
Selling, general and administrative612507531523474491481515553622641
Operating profit-6,2317,05210,93011,9553,89312,82327,69317,20814,20510,7885,897
Finance costs18,4462,6773,2732,3143,6841,1581,2491,1791,4591,4731,647
Profit before tax-17,6797,9847,8296,816-1566,99029,54119,78111,1516,6964,653
Income tax-5,2492,7811,495-172-5957354,6972,9713,0467212,670
Profit for the year-12,6203,9765,5216,896-2,1804,53122,46818,8708,1055,9751,983
Profit attributable to shareholders-12,1293,9825,5076,860-1,6834,88122,44518,7887,9836,1662,352
Filing20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F
USD million, from each year's annual report on the SEC's EDGAR, linked in the last row, on the IFRS tags the company filed.
Read moreA line the company does not file under the standard tag is left out rather than estimated. A year marked † shows the figure as the company restated it in a later annual report (Dec 2016, Dec 2017, Dec 2018, Dec 2019, Dec 2020, Dec 2021, Dec 2022); the first-filed figure is in the CSV. Profit for the year includes the part that belongs to minority shareholders; profit attributable to shareholders is the part EPS is struck on. Each year links to its own page.

Revenue by product or service

Dec 2020Dec 2021Dec 2022Dec 2023Dec 2024Dec 2025Share
of the parts, latest year
Iron Ore27,12338,32428,18827,76024,80525,01065.1%
Iron Ore Pellets4,2427,0536,2565,8035,9214,39611.4%
Nickel And Other Products4,6525,3766,6195,1933,6664,29111.2%
Coppern/a2,5901,7792,3762,8053,7539.8%
Other Ferrous Products And Services5515484725167187241.9%
Other8026115251361412290.6%
Base Metals2,175n/an/an/an/an/an/a
Iron OreIron Ore PelletsNickel And Other ProductsCopper FY2021 to FY2025Other Ferrous Products And ServicesOtherBase Metals FY2020
39.5Dec 202054.5Dec 202143.8Dec 202241.8Dec 202338.1Dec 202438.4Dec 2025

USD billion; hover a block for its figure and share; a part named with years is one the company split its revenue into only then

USD million, from the latest 20-F, in the company's own words. A year is shown only where the parts add up to the revenue above.

Revenue by region

Dec 2015Dec 2016Dec 2017Dec 2018Dec 2019Dec 2020Dec 2021Dec 2022Dec 2023Dec 2024Dec 2025Share
of the parts, latest year
Country Of Chinan/an/an/an/an/an/a28,60322,82422,21019,37519,40550.5%
Asia Except Japan And China2,2402,3903,5823,6662,8482,9994,5012,4982,6752,8873,87310.1%
Europe Except Germany3,0963,2694,1134,4543,2293,5704,6963,8363,6773,0193,87110.1%
Country Of Braziln/an/an/an/an/an/a5,1644,1373,7553,5653,1358.2%
Country Of Japann/an/an/an/an/an/a4,5233,5353,2193,0502,4256.3%
Middle East Africa And Oceania1,1901,3671,9522,7382,1031,4352,1552,6462,3772,6481,9705.1%
Country Of Germanyn/an/an/an/an/an/a2,0341,5211,3511,4671,8534.8%
Country Of United States Of American/an/an/an/an/an/a1,5431,6431,6231,0751,1082.9%
Americas Except United States And Brazil1,4991,5261,6721,4781,3587601,2831,1998979707632.0%
Brazil2,0172,0643,4753,2483,2682,897n/an/an/an/an/an/a
China9,09512,74714,01815,24218,24223,124n/an/an/an/an/an/a
Germany1,4331,3791,3891,6531,6831,526n/an/an/an/an/an/a
Japan1,9591,7412,4562,7432,4832,193n/an/an/an/an/an/a
United States8551,0051,3101,3531,335n/an/an/an/an/an/an/a
United States Of American/an/an/an/an/a1,041n/an/an/an/an/an/a
Country Of China FY2021 to FY2025Asia Except Japan And ChinaEurope Except GermanyCountry Of Brazil FY2021 to FY2025Country Of Japan FY2021 to FY2025Middle East Africa And OceaniaCountry Of Germany FY2021 to FY2025China FY2015 to FY2020Brazil FY2015 to FY2020Japan FY2015 to FY2020Germany FY2015 to FY2020Other
23.4Dec 201534.0Dec 201736.5Dec 201954.5Dec 202141.8Dec 202338.4Dec 2025

USD billion; hover a block for its figure and share; a part named with years is one the company split its revenue into only then

USD million, from the latest 20-F, in the company's own words. A year is shown only where the parts add up to the revenue above.

Cash flow statement

Year toDec 2015Dec 2016 †Dec 2017 †Dec 2018 †Dec 2019 †Dec 2020 †Dec 2021 †Dec 2022 †Dec 2023Dec 2024Dec 2025
Cash from operations3,9326,40112,45012,90112,11014,32225,679n/an/an/an/a
Purchase of property, plant and equipment8,1144,9513,831n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a
Free cash flow-4,1821,4508,619n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a
Cash from investingn/an/an/an/a-6,989-4,669-6,610-4,686-6,319-5,368-6,864
Cash from financingn/an/an/an/a-3,495-2,676-20,284-13,911-7,339-2,275270
Depreciation and amortisation3,7193,5543,5093,2113,5032,746-2,6262,6692,8422,8132,916
Buybacksn/an/an/a1,000n/an/a5,5466,0362,714409n/a
Dividends paid1,5002501,4563,313n/a3,35013,4836,6035,5133,9143,561
Filing20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F
USD million, from the cash flow statement as filed.
Read morePurchase of property, plant and equipment is the cash line as filed; purchases of intangible assets and acquisitions are not in it. Free cash flow is cash from operations less that purchase, arithmetic on the two filed lines. Cash from investing and from financing are the company's own section totals, below zero where cash went out. Buybacks are the cash paid for the company's own shares.

Balance sheet at year end

Year toDec 2015Dec 2016 †Dec 2017 †Dec 2018 †Dec 2019 †Dec 2020 †Dec 2021 †Dec 2022 †Dec 2023Dec 2024Dec 2025
Funded by
Equity attributable to shareholders35,70439,04243,45843,98540,06735,74434,47235,86739,46133,40633,509
Non-controlling interestsn/a1,9821,314847-1,074-9238341,4911,5201,122841
Borrowings, as filedn/a29,32222,48915,46613,05615,02713,78211,18112,47114,79218,134
Lease liabilitiesn/an/an/an/a1,7911,6671,6021,5311,452713668
Other liabilitiesn/a28,66831,92327,89237,87340,49238,75236,82439,28230,11933,373
Total equity and liabilitiesn/a99,01499,18488,19091,71392,00789,44286,89494,18680,15286,525
Owned
Property, plant and equipment54,10255,41954,87848,38546,57641,14841,93144,93848,39639,98443,625
Goodwilln/an/an/an/an/an/a3,208n/an/an/an/a
Cash and cash equivalents3,5914,3285,7845,7847,35013,48711,7214,7363,6094,9537,372
Inventoriesn/a3,3493,9264,4434,2744,0614,3774,4824,6844,6055,937
Other assetsn/a35,91834,59629,57833,51333,31128,20532,73837,49730,61029,591
Total assetsn/a99,01499,18488,19091,71392,00789,44286,89494,18680,15286,525
Filing20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F
USD million, at each fiscal year end.
Read moreBoth totals are the company's own; other liabilities and other assets are each total less the rows shown. Borrowings is the company's own stated total where it files one; it is never added up from its parts here.

Ratios on the filed lines

Year toDec 2015Dec 2016 †Dec 2017 †Dec 2018 †Dec 2019 †Dec 2020 †Dec 2021 †Dec 2022 †Dec 2023Dec 2024Dec 2025
Gross margin19.8%35.8%38.1%39.6%47.2%55.6%60.1%45.2%42.3%36.2%35.0%
Operating margin-26.6%25.7%32.2%32.7%10.7%32.4%50.8%39.3%34.0%28.3%15.4%
Net margin-51.9%14.5%16.2%18.8%-4.6%12.3%41.2%42.9%19.1%16.2%6.1%
Free cash flow margin-17.9%5.3%25.4%n/an/an/an/an/an/an/an/a
Return on year-end equity-34.0%10.2%12.7%15.6%-4.2%13.7%65.1%52.4%20.2%18.5%7.0%
Effective tax raten/a34.8%19.1%-2.5%n/a10.5%15.9%15.0%27.3%10.8%57.4%
Filing20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F20-F

Arithmetic on the filed lines of the same year: margins over revenue, return on equity as profit attributable to shareholders over year-end equity, tax over profit before tax.

Questions

What was Vale's revenue in 2025?

Vale (VALE) reported revenue of USD 38.4 billion for the year to 31 December 2025, up 0.9% on the year before.

How much did Vale earn in 2025?

Profit attributable to shareholders was USD 2.4 billion for the year to 31 December 2025.

What is Vale's market cap?

The market cap of Vale was $49.4 billion at the close of 10 November 2026.

Peers: Non-Metallic and Industrial Metal Mining

CompanyMarket capP/EROEOp. marginSales growth
TTM
Debt to equityDiv. yield
BHP Group Limited BHP *$206.1 billion20.9919.3%40.6%14.6%0.463.3%
Southern Copper Corp. SCCO$143.9 billion22.3047.0%58.6%38.7%0.591.8%
Rio Tinto plc RIO *$137.6 billion13.9016.0%25.9%7.4%0.354.5%
Freeport-McMoRan Inc. FCX$86.5 billion25.3416.4%27.6%1.7%0.451.0%
Vale S.A. VALE *$49.4 billionn/a7.0%15.4%0.9%0.547.2%
Martin Marietta Materials Inc. MLM$37.6 billion13.9913.0%18.2%19.6%0.730.6%
Vulcan Materials Co. VMC$36.8 billion33.9913.1%20.3%1.6%0.560.7%
Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. CLF$7.3 billionn/a-8.3%-1.4%7.8%1.34n/a
MP Materials Corp. MP$6.5 billionn/a-2.0%-20.5%71.6%0.48n/a
USA Rare Earth, Inc. USAR$1.9 billionn/an/an/an/a0.00n/a
Ivanhoe Electric Inc. IE$1.2 billionn/a-9.6%285.9%-13.4%0.07n/a
Niocorp Developments Ltd. NB$438 millionn/an/an/an/a0.00n/a
All 23 in Non-Metallic and Industrial Metal Mining
CompanyMarket capP/EROEOp. marginSales growth
TTM
Debt to equityDiv. yield
BHP Group Limited BHP *$206.1 billion20.9919.3%40.6%14.6%0.463.3%
Southern Copper Corp. SCCO$143.9 billion22.3047.0%58.6%38.7%0.591.8%
Rio Tinto plc RIO *$137.6 billion13.9016.0%25.9%7.4%0.354.5%
Freeport-McMoRan Inc. FCX$86.5 billion25.3416.4%27.6%1.7%0.451.0%
Vale S.A. VALE *$49.4 billionn/a7.0%15.4%0.9%0.547.2%
Martin Marietta Materials Inc. MLM$37.6 billion13.9913.0%18.2%19.6%0.730.6%
Vulcan Materials Co. VMC$36.8 billion33.9913.1%20.3%1.6%0.560.7%
Hecla Mining Co. HL$9.6 billion25.5013.6%47.0%29.7%0.000.1%
Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. CLF$7.3 billionn/a-8.3%-1.4%7.8%1.34n/a
MP Materials Corp. MP$6.5 billionn/a-2.0%-20.5%71.6%0.48n/a
Uranium Energy Corp. UEC$3.5 billionn/a-10.0%-357.4%-44.3%0.00n/a
United States Lime & Minerals Inc. USLM$3.4 billion25.4718.2%41.2%4.5%0.000.2%
Knife River Corp. KNF$3.3 billion24.757.7%8.1%10.9%0.89n/a
USA Rare Earth, Inc. USAR$1.9 billionn/an/an/an/a0.00n/a
Energy Fuels Inc. UUUU$1.8 billionn/a-12.2%-81.0%48.9%0.71n/a
Centrus Energy Corp. LEU$1.5 billion32.096.9%-1.3%0.1%1.07n/a
Ivanhoe Electric Inc. IE$1.2 billionn/a-9.6%285.9%-13.4%0.07n/a
Compass Minerals International Inc. CMP$965 million53.437.0%8.9%5.5%2.72n/a
Intrepid Potash, Inc. IPI$441 million18.274.7%2.2%n/a0.00n/a
Niocorp Developments Ltd. NB$438 millionn/an/an/an/a0.00n/a
American Battery Technology Co. ABAT$186 millionn/a-58.1%-343.6%406.8%0.06n/a
Smart Sand, Inc. SND$159 million10.716.5%2.9%21.2%0.063.7%
enCore Energy Corp. EU$123 millionn/a-28.1%-91.2%24.1%0.50n/a
9 companies share its SEC industry code (Metal Mining); the rest are the names nearest in size in its wider industry, Non-Metallic and Industrial Metal Mining, one of the Fama-French 48 industries, a published grouping of SEC industry codes.
Read moreBy market capitalisation; a click on a heading sorts by it, largest first, and a second click turns it round. Each figure is the same arithmetic as the ratio box above, on each company's own filings and latest close; a name marked * is a foreign company that files once a year, on its latest fiscal year.

Annual reports on EDGAR

FormYear toFiled
20-F31 December 202527 March 2026EDGAR
20-F31 December 202428 March 2025EDGAR
20-F31 December 202319 April 2024EDGAR
20-F31 December 202213 April 2023EDGAR
20-F31 December 202114 April 2022EDGAR