Trimble Inc.: Q1 FY2026 earnings call

What management said about Q1 FY2026, from the documents filed with the SEC on 6 May 2026: press release. Guidance figures: 2 raised, 2 lowered, 6 new, 1 kept. The quarter’s numbers.

Key takeaways

Revenue grew 12 percent: Revenue was $939.9 million, up 12 percent year-over-year and 12 percent organically, against $840.6 million a year earlier. Source
Recurring revenue reached a record: Annualized recurring revenue was $2.43 billion, up 12 percent year-over-year and 12 percent organically. The February release had put ARR at $2.39 billion, up 6 percent reported and 14 percent organic. Source
Operating income margin rose: GAAP operating income was $144.0 million, 15.3 percent of revenue, against $97.5 million, or 11.6 percent, a year earlier. Non-GAAP operating income was $243.2 million, 25.9 percent of revenue. Source
Record first-quarter margins reported: GAAP gross margin was 68.8 percent against 66.7 percent. Non-GAAP gross margin was 71.0 percent against 69.2 percent. The release calls the first-quarter gross and operating income margins records. Source
Free cash flow rose sharply: Free cash flow was $268.6 million against $149.0 million, on operating cash flow of $274.7 million against $155.6 million and capital expenditures of $6.1 million. Source
Repurchased 4.7 million shares: The company bought back about 4.7 million shares for $316.9 million in the quarter, against about 1.9 million shares for $148.1 million in the fourth quarter. Source

“We began the year with strong momentum, delivering record annualized recurring revenue of $2.435 billion in the first quarter, and surpassing expectations on both top and bottom lines,”
Rob Painter, president and CEO of Trimble

Guidance

Area	Period	Figure	Against last quarter
Revenue Source	Full-year 2026	$3,835 million to $3,915 million	Raised from $3,810 million to $3,910 million
GAAP diluted EPS Source	Full-year 2026	$2.05 to $2.21
Non-GAAP diluted EPS Source	Full-year 2026	$3.47 to $3.64	Raised from $3.42 to $3.62
GAAP tax rate Source	Full-year 2026	21.0 percent	Lowered from 22.0 percent
Non-GAAP tax rate Source	Full-year 2026	17.5 percent	Kept
Diluted shares assumed Source	Full-year 2026	approximately 235 million shares outstanding	Lowered from approximately 239 million shares outstanding
Revenue Source	Second quarter 2026	$938 million to $963 million	New
GAAP diluted EPS Source	Second quarter 2026	$0.38 to $0.42	New
Non-GAAP diluted EPS Source	Second quarter 2026	$0.78 to $0.82	New
GAAP tax rate Source	Second quarter 2026	23.0 percent	New
Non-GAAP tax rate Source	Second quarter 2026	17.5 percent	New
Diluted shares assumed Source	Second quarter 2026	approximately 234 million shares outstanding	New

What changed from last quarter

Guidance raised: Full-year 2026 revenue range was raised, with both the low and high ends moved up. Source
Guidance raised: Full-year 2026 non-GAAP EPS range was raised, with both the low and high ends moved up. Source
Guidance lowered: Full-year GAAP EPS range narrowed: the low end moved up and the high end moved down. Source
Guidance lowered: Full-year GAAP tax rate assumption was lowered from 22.0 percent to 21.0 percent. Source
Guidance lowered: Share count assumption for full-year EPS guidance was lowered from about 239 million to about 235 million. Source
Guidance kept: Non-GAAP tax rate assumption was kept at 17.5 percent. Source
New guidance: Second-quarter 2026 guidance was given; the prior release had given first-quarter guidance. Source
Ended: First-quarter 2026 guidance from the prior release was replaced by reported first-quarter results.

Results and growth drivers

Revenue grew 12 percent: Revenue was $939.9 million, up 12 percent year-over-year and 12 percent organically, against $840.6 million a year earlier. Source
Recurring revenue reached a record: Annualized recurring revenue was $2.43 billion, up 12 percent year-over-year and 12 percent organically. The February release had put ARR at $2.39 billion, up 6 percent reported and 14 percent organic. Source
Recurring revenue tied to Connect & Scale: The release ties the record annualized recurring revenue to ongoing execution of the Connect & Scale strategy. Source
Operating income margin rose: GAAP operating income was $144.0 million, 15.3 percent of revenue, against $97.5 million, or 11.6 percent, a year earlier. Non-GAAP operating income was $243.2 million, 25.9 percent of revenue. Source
Net income and EPS rose: GAAP net income was $98.9 million against $66.7 million. Non-GAAP net income was $186.9 million against $151.4 million. Diluted EPS was $0.42 GAAP and $0.79 non-GAAP. Source
Adjusted EBITDA margin rose: Adjusted EBITDA was $257.7 million, 27.4 percent of revenue, against $212.1 million, or 25.2 percent, a year earlier. Source

Segment results

AECO revenue and profit rose: AECO revenue was $391.1 million against $335.4 million. Operating income was $123.1 million, 31.5 percent, against $91.6 million, 27.3 percent. Source
Field Systems revenue grew, margin lower: Field Systems revenue was $409.2 million against $359.2 million. Operating income was $118.0 million, 28.8 percent, against $106.6 million, 29.7 percent. Source
T&L revenue fell, margin rose: T&L revenue was $139.6 million against $146.0 million. Operating income rose to $33.8 million, 24.2 percent, from $26.1 million, 17.9 percent. Source

“In an AI-forward world, Trimble is the intelligence and execution layer that reconciles the digital model with physical reality.”
Rob Painter, president and CEO of Trimble

Products, subscriptions and deferred revenue

Subscription and services revenue grew: Subscription and services revenue was $628.7 million against $569.0 million. Product revenue was $311.2 million against $271.6 million. Source
Deferred revenue balances lower: Current deferred revenue was $863.2 million against $894.0 million at year end. Non-current deferred revenue was $107.5 million against $104.7 million. Source
Deferred revenue reduced operating cash: Deferred revenue reduced operating cash flow by $26.2 million in the quarter, against a reduction of $13.5 million a year earlier. Source

Margins and operating costs

Record first-quarter margins reported: GAAP gross margin was 68.8 percent against 66.7 percent. Non-GAAP gross margin was 71.0 percent against 69.2 percent. The release calls the first-quarter gross and operating income margins records. Source
Operating expenses fell as share of revenue: Non-GAAP operating expenses were $423.7 million, 45.1 percent of revenue, against $383.5 million, 45.6 percent. GAAP operating expenses were $502.3 million against $463.3 million. Source
Sales and marketing spend rose: Sales and marketing expense was $176.1 million against $153.2 million. Research and development was $169.5 million against $158.5 million. General and administrative was $126.7 million against $121.5 million. Source
Tax provision rates reported: GAAP income tax provision was 24.7 percent of pre-tax income against 22.8 percent. Non-GAAP tax provision was 17.4 percent against 17.2 percent. Source

Cash flow and balance sheet

Free cash flow rose sharply: Free cash flow was $268.6 million against $149.0 million, on operating cash flow of $274.7 million against $155.6 million and capital expenditures of $6.1 million. Source
Receivables fell from year end: Accounts receivable, net was $617.5 million, against $856.0 million at year end. Cash and cash equivalents were $234.1 million against $253.4 million. Source
Short-term debt appeared: Short-term debt was $10.3 million, with none at year end. Long-term debt was $1,402.5 million against $1,392.2 million. Source
Accrued compensation fell sharply: Accrued compensation and benefits were $125.4 million, against $211.7 million at year end, a cash outflow of $85.4 million in the quarter. Source

Share repurchases and capital returns

Repurchased 4.7 million shares: The company bought back about 4.7 million shares for $316.9 million in the quarter, against about 1.9 million shares for $148.1 million in the fourth quarter. Source
Cash repurchases below prior year: Repurchases of common stock in the cash flow statement were $322.8 million, against $627.4 million a year earlier. Source
Diluted share count lower: Diluted weighted shares were 236.9 million in the quarter, against 246.2 million a year earlier. Source

Figures management reported

Figure	Reported
Annualized recurring revenue Source	$2.43 billion, up 12 percent

Earlier plans management reported on

Ahead: Management said first-quarter results surpassed expectations on both top and bottom lines. Source
Not stated: In February, management said the fourth-quarter results positioned Trimble to deliver on its 2027 financial targets.
Not stated: Management said it looks forward to further executing and progressing the Connect & Scale strategy in 2026 and beyond.

Other quarters

Summarised with AI from the documents the company filed with the SEC. Every point is checked against the filing before it is shown: management’s own words word for word, figures against the line or table row they come from. A point that fails the check is left out. Source opens the filing at that line.

As filed with the SEC

Open the filing on EDGAR

Trimble Announces First Quarter 2026 Results

Record annualized recurring revenue, reflecting ongoing execution of the Connect & Scale strategy
Record first quarter gross margins and operating income margins
First quarter results exceeded expectations
Share repurchases of $317 million
Raising full year 2026 guidance

WESTMINSTER, Colo., May 6, 2026 - Trimble Inc. (Nasdaq: TRMB) today announced financial results for the first quarter of 2026.

First Quarter 2026 Financial Highlights

Revenue of $939.9 million, up 12 percent on a year-over-year basis, up 12 percent on an organic basis
Annualized recurring revenue ("ARR") was $2.43 billion, up 12 percent year-over-year, up 12 percent on an organic basis
GAAP operating income was $144.0 million, 15.3 percent of revenue, and non-GAAP operating income was $243.2 million, 25.9 percent of revenue
GAAP net income was $98.9 million and non-GAAP net income was $186.9 million
Diluted earnings per share ("EPS") was $0.42 on a GAAP basis and $0.79 on a non-GAAP basis
Adjusted EBITDA was $257.7 million, 27.4 percent of revenue
During the first quarter, Trimble repurchased approximately 4.7 million shares for $316.9 million

Executive Quote

"We began the year with strong momentum, delivering record annualized recurring revenue of $2.435 billion in the first quarter, and surpassing expectations on both top and bottom lines," said Rob Painter, president and CEO of Trimble. "Our Connect & Scale strategy connects people, data, workflow and ecosystems. In an AI-forward world, Trimble is the intelligence and execution layer that reconciles the digital model with physical reality."

Forward-Looking Guidance

For the full-year 2026, Trimble expects to report revenue between $3,835 million and $3,915 million, GAAP earnings per share of $2.05 to $2.21, and non-GAAP earnings per share of $3.47 to $3.64. GAAP guidance assumes a tax rate of 21.0 percent and non-GAAP guidance assumes a tax rate of 17.5 percent. Both GAAP and non-GAAP earnings per share assume approximately 235 million shares outstanding.

For the second quarter of 2026, Trimble expects to report revenue between $938 million and $963 million, GAAP earnings per share of $0.38 to $0.42, and non-GAAP earnings per share of $0.78 to $0.82. GAAP guidance assumes a tax rate of 23.0 percent and non-GAAP guidance assumes a tax rate of 17.5 percent. Both GAAP and non-GAAP earnings per share assume approximately 234 million shares outstanding.

A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures and other information relating to these non-GAAP measures are included in the supplemental reconciliation schedule attached.

Investor Conference Call / Webcast Details

Trimble will hold a conference call on May 6, 2026 at 8:00 a.m. ET to review its first quarter of 2026 results. An accompanying slide presentation will be made available on the "Investors" section of the Trimble website, https://investor.trimble.com, under the subheading "Events & Presentations." The call will be broadcast live on the web at https://investor.trimble.com. Investors and participants who wish to dial into the call may do so by first registering at https://events.q4inc.com/analyst/544327873?pwd=s5ilhwSm. Upon registration, dial-in details will be sent via email to the registrant. A replay will also be available on the web at the address above.

About Trimble

Trimble is a global technology company that connects the physical and digital worlds, transforming the ways work gets done. With relentless innovation in precise positioning, modeling and data analytics, Trimble enables essential industries including construction, geospatial and transportation. Whether it's helping customers build and maintain infrastructure, design and construct buildings, optimize global supply chains or map the world, Trimble is at the forefront, driving productivity and progress. For more information about Trimble (Nasdaq: TRMB), visit: https://www.trimble.com.

Safe Harbor

Forward-looking statements notice

Certain statements made in this press release are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include expectations about our future financial and operational results. These forward-looking statements are subject to change, and actual results may materially differ due to certain risks and uncertainties. The Company's results may be adversely affected if the Company is unable to market, manufacture and ship new products, obtain new customers, effectively integrate new acquisitions or consummate divestitures in a timely manner, or get the benefits we are expecting from our joint ventures and partnerships, including with Platform Science. The Company's results could also be negatively impacted due to the general global macroeconomic outlook, including heightened trade tensions and related uncertainty of tariffs (including certain tariff refunds) and export control restrictions between the U.S. and its trading partners, and associated supply chain disruptions, slowing growth, inflationary pressures, and fluctuations in interest rates, which may affect demand for our products and services, increase our costs and adversely affect our revenues and profitability; the pace at which our dealers work through their inventory; changes in our distribution channels; adverse geopolitical tensions and the ongoing impact of volatility and conflict in the political and economic environment, including the Middle East conflict, and the direct and indirect impact on our business; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; the pace that we transition our business model towards a subscription model; the impact and risks of AI and AI-related developments; the impact of acquisitions or divestitures; and our ability to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, including our ability to remediate our material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting. Any failure to achieve predicted results could negatively impact the Company's revenue, cash flow from operations, and other financial results. The Company's financial results will also depend on a number of other factors and risks detailed from time to time in reports filed with the SEC, including our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our annual report on Form 10-K. Undue reliance should not be placed on any forward-looking statement contained herein. These statements reflect the Company's position as of the date of this release. The Company expressly disclaims any undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any statements to reflect any change in the Company's expectations or any change of events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based.

FTRMB

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In millions, except per share data)

	First Quarter of
	2026	2025
Revenue:
Product	$311.2	$271.6
Subscription and services	628.7	569.0
Total revenue	939.9	840.6
Cost of sales:
Product	158.2	143.7
Subscription and services	119.3	119.7
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	16.1	16.4
Total cost of sales	293.6	279.8
Gross margin	646.3	560.8
Gross margin (%)	68.8%	66.7%
Operating expense:
Research and development	169.5	158.5
Sales and marketing	176.1	153.2
General and administrative	126.7	121.5
Restructuring	2.9	4.5
Amortization of purchased intangible assets	27.1	25.6
Total operating expense	502.3	463.3
Operating income	144.0	97.5
Non-operating (expense) income, net:
Interest expense, net	(19.5)	(15.6)
Income from equity method investments, net	0.8	1.0
Other income, net	6.0	3.5
Total non-operating expense, net	(12.7)	(11.1)
Income before taxes	131.3	86.4
Income tax provision	32.4	19.7
Net income	$98.9	$66.7
Earnings per share:
Basic	$0.42	$0.27
Diluted	$0.42	$0.27
Shares used in calculating earnings per share:
Basic	234.5	243.3
Diluted	236.9	246.2

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	As of
	First Quarter of	Year End
	2026	2025
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$234.1	$253.4
Accounts receivable, net	617.5	856.0
Inventories	188.0	186.3
Prepaid expenses	122.8	102.7
Other current assets	230.3	233.5
Total current assets	1,392.7	1,631.9
Property and equipment, net	180.8	182.8
Goodwill	5,213.6	5,239.7
Other purchased intangible assets, net	872.1	924.1
Deferred income tax assets	256.4	260.0
Equity investments	616.8	610.8
Other non-current assets	458.6	462.7
Total assets	$8,991.0	$9,312.0
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities:
Short-term debt	$10.3	$ -
Accounts payable	175.7	168.3
Accrued compensation and benefits	125.4	211.7
Deferred revenue	863.2	894.0
Income taxes payable	15.5	17.7
Other current liabilities	183.6	211.7
Total current liabilities	1,373.7	1,503.4
Long-term debt	1,402.5	1,392.2
Deferred revenue, non-current	107.5	104.7
Deferred income tax liabilities	189.1	190.5
Other non-current liabilities	281.0	285.0
Total liabilities	3,353.8	3,475.8
Stockholders' equity:
Common stock	0.2	0.2
Additional paid-in-capital	2,448.6	2,437.9
Retained earnings	3,217.2	3,387.6
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income	(28.8)	10.5
Total stockholders' equity	5,637.2	5,836.2
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$8,991.0	$9,312.0

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	First Quarter of
	2026	2025
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income	$98.9	$66.7
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	49.9	48.9
Deferred income taxes	4.3	(26.7)
Stock-based compensation	41.8	38.4
Other, net	(2.3)	4.0
(Increase) decrease in assets:
Accounts receivable, net	234.1	206.1
Inventories	(0.8)	3.4
Other current and non-current assets	(17.0)	35.8
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:
Accounts payable	8.4	(1.4)
Accrued compensation and benefits	(85.4)	(120.1)
Deferred revenue	(26.2)	(13.5)
Income taxes payable	(2.3)	(50.2)
Other current and non-current liabilities	(28.7)	(35.8)
Net cash provided by operating activities	274.7	155.6
Cash flow from investing activities:
Divestitures of businesses, net of cash divested	-	(7.3)
Purchases of property and equipment	(6.1)	(6.6)
Other, net	1.0	(0.6)
Net cash used in investing activities	(5.1)	(14.5)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Issuance of common stock, net of tax withholdings	16.7	16.3
Repurchases of common stock	(322.8)	(627.4)
Proceeds from debt and revolving credit lines	167.2	114.7
Payments on debt and revolving credit lines	(147.0)	(114.7)
Net cash used in financing activities	(285.9)	(611.1)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(3.0)	12.2
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(19.3)	(457.8)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period	253.4	747.8
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$234.1	$290.0
Supplemental cash flow disclosure:
Cash paid for income taxes, net	$11.4	$48.3
(1) Includes $9.0 million of cash and cash equivalents classified as held for sale as of January 3, 2025.

REPORTING SEGMENTS

	Reportable Segments
	AECO	Field Systems	T&L
First Quarter of 2026
Segment revenue	$391.1	$409.2	$139.6
Cost of sales	62.7	175.0	34.4
Operating expense	205.3	116.2	71.4
Operating income	$123.1	$118.0	$33.8
Operating income %	31.5%	28.8%	24.2%
First Quarter of 2025
Segment revenue	$335.4	$359.2	$146.0
Cost of sales	58.9	154.2	44.6
Operating expense	184.9	98.4	75.3
Operating income	$91.6	$106.6	$26.1
Operating income %	27.3%	29.7%	17.9%

GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION

(Dollars in millions, except per share data)

				First Quarter of
				2026		2025
				Dollar Amount	% of Revenue	Dollar Amount	% of Revenue
	GAAP revenue:			$939.9		$840.6
	GAAP gross margin:			$646.3	68.8%	$560.8	66.7%
		Amortization of purchased intangible assets	(A)	16.1		16.4
		Stock-based compensation / deferred compensation	(C)	4.2		4.3
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	0.3		0.2
	Non-GAAP gross margin:			$666.9	71.0%	$581.7	69.2%
	GAAP operating expenses:			$502.3	53.4%	$463.3	55.1%
		Amortization of purchased intangible assets	(A)	(27.1)		(25.6)
		Acquisition / divestiture items	(B)	(5.9)		(8.9)
		Stock-based compensation / deferred compensation	(C)	(39.5)		(33.2)
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	(6.1)		(12.1)
	Non-GAAP operating expenses:			$423.7	45.1%	$383.5	45.6%
	GAAP operating income:			$144.0	15.3%	$97.5	11.6%
		Amortization of purchased intangible assets	(A)	43.2		42.0
		Acquisition / divestiture items	(B)	5.9		8.9
		Stock-based compensation / deferred compensation	(C)	43.7		37.5
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	6.4		12.3
	Non-GAAP operating income:			$243.2	25.9%	$198.2	23.6%
	GAAP non-operating expense, net:			$(12.7)		$(11.1)
		Acquisition / divestiture items	(B)	(4.1)		(5.3)
		Deferred compensation	(C)	(2.0)		0.9
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	1.9		0.1
	Non-GAAP non-operating expense, net:			$(16.9)		$(15.4)
					Tax Rate %		Tax Rate %
					(F)		(F)
	GAAP income tax provision:			$32.4	24.7%	$19.7	22.8%
		Non-GAAP items tax effected	(E)	7.0		11.7
	Non-GAAP income tax provision:			$39.4	17.4%	$31.4	17.2%
REVENUE:
GROSS MARGIN:
OPERATING EXPENSES:
OPERATING INCOME:
NON-OPERATING EXPENSE, NET:
INCOME TAX PROVISION:

	GAAP net income:			$98.9		$66.7
		Amortization of purchased intangible assets	(A)	43.2		42.0
		Acquisition / divestiture items	(B)	1.8		3.6
		Stock-based compensation	(C)	41.7		38.4
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	8.3		12.4
		Non-GAAP tax adjustments	(E)	(7.0)		(11.7)
	Non-GAAP net income:			$186.9		$151.4
	GAAP diluted net income per share:			$0.42		$0.27
		Amortization of purchased intangible assets	(A)	0.18		0.17
		Acquisition / divestiture items	(B)	0.01		0.01
		Stock-based compensation	(C)	0.18		0.16
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	0.03		0.05
		Non-GAAP tax adjustments	(E)	(0.03)		(0.05)
	Non-GAAP diluted net income per share:			$0.79		$0.61
	GAAP operating income:			$144.0	15.3%	$97.5	11.6%
		Amortization of purchased intangible assets	(A)	43.2		42.0
		Acquisition / divestiture items	(B)	5.9		8.9
		Stock-based compensation / deferred compensation	(C)	43.7		37.5
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	6.4		12.3
	Non-GAAP operating income:			243.2	25.9%	198.2	23.6%
		Depreciation expense and cloud computing amortization		11.8		12.0
		Income from equity method investments, net		2.7		1.9
	Adjusted EBITDA:			$257.7	27.4%	$212.1	25.2%
				First Quarter of
				2026		2025
	Net cash provided by operating activities			$274.7		$155.6
	Capital expenditures			6.1		6.6
	Free cash flow			$268.6		$149.0
				Second Quarter of 2026		Year 2026
				Low End	High End	Low End	High End
	Forecasted GAAP diluted net income per share:			$0.38	$0.42	$2.05	$2.21
		Amortization of purchased intangible assets	(A)	0.18	0.18	0.72	0.72
		Acquisition / divestiture items	(B)	0.06	0.06	0.09	0.09
		Stock-based compensation	(C)	0.18	0.18	0.67	0.67
		Restructuring and other costs	(D)	0.03	0.03	0.13	0.13
		Non-GAAP tax adjustments	(E)	(0.05)	(0.05)	(0.19)	(0.18)
	Forecasted non-GAAP diluted net income per share:			$0.78	$0.82	$3.47	$3.64
NET INCOME:
DILUTED NET INCOME PER SHARE:
ADJUSTED EBITDA:
FREE CASH FLOW:
FORECASTED DILUTED NET INCOME PER SHARE:

FOOTNOTES TO GAAP TO NON-GAAP RECONCILIATION

This press release includes GAAP financial measures as well as non-GAAP financial measures, which are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP measures. We believe non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors and others in understanding our "core operating performance", which excludes (i) the effect of non-cash items and certain variable charges not expected to recur and (ii) transactions that are not meaningful in comparison to our past operating performance or not reflective of ongoing financial results. Lastly, we believe that our core operating performance offers a supplemental measure for period-to-period comparisons and can be used to evaluate our historical and prospective financial performance, as well as our performance relative to competitors.

The non-GAAP definitions and explanations to the adjustments to comparable GAAP measures are included below:

Non-GAAP Definitions

Non-GAAP gross margin

We define Non-GAAP gross margin as GAAP gross margin, excluding the effects of amortization of purchased intangible assets, stock-based compensation, deferred compensation, and restructuring and other costs. We believe our investors benefit by understanding our non-GAAP gross margin as a way of understanding how product mix, pricing decisions, and manufacturing costs influence our business.

Non-GAAP operating expenses

We define Non-GAAP operating expenses as GAAP operating expenses, excluding the effects of amortization of purchased intangible assets, acquisition/divestiture items, stock-based compensation, deferred compensation, and restructuring and other costs. We believe this measure is important to investors evaluating our non-GAAP spending in relation to revenue.

Non-GAAP operating income

We define Non-GAAP operating income as GAAP operating income, excluding the effects of amortization of purchased intangible assets, acquisition/divestiture items, stock-based compensation, deferred compensation, and restructuring and other costs. We believe our investors benefit by understanding our non-GAAP operating income trends, which are driven by revenue, gross margin, and spending.

Non-GAAP non-operating expense, net

We define Non-GAAP non-operating expense, net as GAAP non-operating (expense) income, net, excluding acquisition/divestiture items, deferred compensation, and restructuring and other costs. We believe this measure helps investors evaluate our non-operating expense trends.

Non-GAAP income tax provision

We define non-GAAP income tax provision as the GAAP income tax provision adjusted for the tax effects of the non-GAAP pre-tax adjustments (A) through (D), excluding certain tax charges and benefits such as net deferred tax impacts resulting from tax amortization related to a non-U.S. intercompany transfer of intellectual property and certain acquisitions, deferred tax impacts from net controlled foreign corporation tested income (“net CFC tested income”, formerly referred to as global intangible low-taxed income or “GILTI”), significant reserve releases upon the expiration of statute of limitations and audit closures, and tax law changes. We believe this measure helps investors because it provides for consistent treatment of excluded items in our non-GAAP presentation.

Non-GAAP net income

We define Non-GAAP net income as GAAP net income, excluding the effects of amortization of purchased intangible assets, acquisition/divestiture items, stock-based compensation, restructuring and other costs, and non-GAAP tax adjustments. This measure provides a supplemental view of net income trends, which are driven by non-GAAP income before taxes and our non-GAAP tax rate.

Non-GAAP diluted net income per share

We define Non-GAAP diluted net income per share as GAAP diluted net income per share, excluding the effects of amortization of purchased intangible assets, acquisition/divestiture items, stock-based compensation, restructuring and other costs, and non-GAAP tax adjustments. We believe our investors benefit by understanding our non-GAAP operating performance as reflected in a per share calculation as a way of measuring non-GAAP operating performance by ownership in the Company.

Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as non-GAAP operating income plus depreciation expense, cloud computing amortization, and income from equity method investments, net, excluding our proportionate share of items such as goodwill impairment, amortization of purchased intangibles, stock-based compensation, and restructuring costs. Other companies may define Adjusted EBITDA differently. Adjusted EBITDA is a performance measure that we believe offers a useful view of the overall operations of our business because it facilitates operating performance comparisons by removing potential differences caused by variations unrelated to operating performance, such as capital structures (interest expense), income taxes, depreciation, amortization of purchased intangibles and cloud computing costs, and income from equity method investments, net.

Free Cash Flow

We define free cash flow as cash flow from operating activities minus capital expenditures. We believe this measure is important to investors evaluating our generation of cash flow.

Explanations of Non-GAAP adjustments

(A)Amortization of purchased intangible assets. Non-GAAP gross margin and operating expenses exclude the amortization of purchased intangible assets, which primarily represents technology and/or customer relationships already developed.

(B)Acquisition / divestiture items. Non-GAAP gross margin and operating expenses exclude costs consisting of external and incremental costs resulting directly from acquisitions, divestitures, and strategic investment activities such as legal, due diligence, integration, and other costs, including the acceleration of acquisition stock awards and adjustments to the fair value of earn-out liabilities. Non-GAAP non-operating expense, net, excludes one-time acquisition/divestiture charges, including foreign currency exchange rate gains/losses related to an acquisition, divestiture gains/losses, and strategic investment gains/losses. These are one-time costs that vary significantly in amount and timing and are not indicative of our core operating performance.

(C)Stock-based compensation / deferred compensation. Non-GAAP gross margin and operating expenses exclude stock-based compensation and income or expense associated with movement in our non-qualified deferred compensation plan liabilities. Changes in non-qualified deferred compensation plan assets, included in non-operating expense, net, offset the income or expense in the plan liabilities.

(D)Restructuring and other costs. Non-GAAP gross margin and operating expenses exclude restructuring costs composed of termination benefits related to reductions in employee headcount, closure or exit of facilities, and cancellation of certain contracts, and other costs composed of one-time incremental expenses resulting from the re-audit and related remediation of control deficiencies. Non-GAAP non-operating expense net, excludes our proportionate share of items recorded in income from equity method investment items, such as goodwill impairment, amortization of purchased intangibles, stock-based compensation, and restructuring costs.

(E)Non-GAAP items tax effected. This amount represents the income tax effect of non-GAAP pre-tax adjustments, excluding certain tax charges and benefits, which reconcile the GAAP income tax provision to the non-GAAP income tax provision.

(F)Tax rate percentages. These percentages are defined as GAAP income tax provision as a percentage of GAAP income before taxes and non-GAAP income tax provision as a percentage of non-GAAP income before taxes.

OTHER KEY METRICS

Annualized Recurring Revenue

In addition to providing non-GAAP financial measures, Trimble provides an ARR performance measure in order to provide investors with a supplementary indicator of the value of the Company's current recurring revenue contracts. ARR represents the estimated annualized value of recurring revenue. ARR is calculated by taking our subscription and maintenance and support revenue for the current quarter and adding the portion of the contract value of all our term licenses attributable to the current quarter, then dividing that sum by the number of days in the quarter and then multiplying that quotient by 365. ARR should be viewed independently of revenue and deferred revenue as it is a performance measure and is not intended to be combined with or to replace either of those items.

Organic Annualized Recurring Revenue

Organic annualized recurring revenue refers to annualized recurring revenue excluding the impacts of (i) foreign currency translation, and (ii) acquisitions and divestitures that closed in the prior 12 months.

Organic Revenue

Organic revenue refers to revenue excluding the impacts of (i) foreign currency translation, and (ii) acquisitions and divestitures that closed in the prior 12 months.